矿区含砷尾矿及废渣稳定化研究-矿业工程研究-湖南科技大学.doc

PAGE  PAGE 9 收稿日期：2015-06-10 通信作者：罗道成（1967-），男，湖南邵阳人，教授，研究方向：化工和三废处理。E-mail: luodaocheng21@126.com 用氯化亚铁稳定化处理含砷废渣的试验研究 罗道成 （湖南科技大学 化学化工学院，湖南 湘潭 411201；湖南科技大学 煤炭资源清洁利用与矿山环境保护湖南省重点实验室，湖南 湘潭 411201) 摘要：通过“硫酸-硝酸法”浸出实验，以砷的浸出浓度为控制指标，用FeCl2为稳定剂，对含砷废渣进行了稳定化处理研究。考察了Fe/As摩尔比、pH值、废渣粒度、浸出温度和稳定处理时间对砷浸出浓度的影响，通过对比稳定化处理前后砷的形态变化，探讨砷的迁移转化规律。结果表明，砷的浸出浓度随FeCl2投加量增加而降低，当Fe/As摩尔比≥1.0，pH=6.5~7.5时，常温下稳定化处理时间≥60 min，砷浸出浓度低于2.5 mg/L且基本保持稳定，达到“危险废物填埋污染控制标准”的入场要求；随着浸出温度的升高，砷的浸出浓度略有升高；含砷废渣经稳定化处理后，砷从生物有效性和毒性大的形态逐渐转化为毒性小、稳定性高的形态，但废渣的矿物组成和化学组成不同，砷形态的迁移转化也略有不同。 关键词：砷；氯化亚铁；稳定化处理；浸出浓度；重金属形态 中图分类号: X756 Experimental study on stabilization treatment of waste residue containing arsenic with ferrous chloride LUO Daocheng ( School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Hunan University of Science and Technology，Xiangtan，411201，China；Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Clean-utilization and Mine Environment Protection，Hunan University of Science and Technology，Xiangtan，411201，China) Abstract：Through“sulphuric acid-nitric acid”leaching test，using arsenic leaching concentration as the control indicator，stabilization treatment of waste residue containing arsenic using ferrous chloride as stabilization agent was studied. Effects of parameters such as Fe/As molar ratios，pH value，particle size of the waste residue，leaching temperature and treatment time on arsenic leaching concentration were investigated. Migration and transformation of arsenic were discussed by comparing the change of arsenic form before and after stabilizing. The results showed that the arsenic leaching concentration might decrease with a increase in FeCl2 dosage. When the molar ratio of Fe/As≥1.0，pH=6.5~7.5，and stabilization treatment time≥60 mins in room temperature，the arsenic leaching concentration was lower than 2.5 mg/L and basically remained stable，meeting the admission requirements of“standard for pollution control on the security landfill site for hazardous wastes”. With the increase of leaching temperature，the a