.发热待查课件.ppt

发 热 FEVER; Topic of class;Definition of fever: Body temperature is above normal range in any condition (36.3—37.2 degrees centigrade which is measured in mouth). 2. Kinds of pyrogen: （1）exogenoas pyrogen 外生致热原 bacteria ，virus ，fungi 真菌，Spirochete 螺旋体，malarial parasite原虫 ，Parasite 寄生虫，et al.;Antigen-antibody complex ，steroid Antigen-antibody complex . （2）edoogenous pyrogen 内生致热原 interleukin－1，2，6 (IL-1~18）. TNF （Tumo necrosis factor），IFN （Interferon）, endothelin , ciliany neurotrophic factor CNTF Il-8 ,macrophage inflammatory protein-1 MIP-1 ,;3.体温调节（调定点学说) thermoregulation of set point theory 发热激活物(substances to activate fver) ;EPs;肌紧张?muscle tension 寒战?chilling;4.发热分度：Degrees of fever Low Fever: 38.0 °C Middle Fever: 38.0~39.0°C High Fever: 39.0~41.0°C Exceed high fever: 41.0 °C;5.热型：Types fof fever) ①稽留热：continued fever 持续高温 ②驰张热spread fever ③间隙热intermission fever ④波浪热: waves fever ⑤回归热: Recurrent fever ⑥不规则热: irregular fever;6.常见病因：common pathogeny (1)感染性发热：infectious fever 病毒virus 支原体mycoplasm立克次体Rickettsia细菌Bacterium螺旋体Spirochete原虫Protozoa 寄生虫Parasite 真菌Fungus （2）非感染性发热：non- infectious fver A.无菌性坏死aseptic necrosis： 肿瘤tumor 血液病hematopathy 血栓坏死thrombo-necrosis B.机械性 物理性损伤等．Mechanical and physical injure;C.变态反应性发热allergic reaction Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型变态反应 D.内分泌及代谢障碍性疾病 endocrine disorder and metabolic obstacle disease ： 脱水 E. 体温调节中枢功能紊乱 heat regulating center disorder：中暑heat stroke ;;;;7.常见疾病： (1)感染性发热：Infectious fever ①流行性感冒influenza： ②麻疹measles ③风疹rubella ④水痘chickenpox、带状疱疹bandlike Herpes： ⑤单纯疱疹病毒感染herpes simplex virus ⑥流行性腮腺炎：epidemic parotitis ⑦传染性单核细胞增多症：infectious mononucleosis ⑧病毒性肝炎：viral hepatitis;⑨脊髓灰质炎：poliomyelitis ⑩1、? 艾滋病acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; AIDS ?病毒性脑炎viral encephalitis和病毒性脑???炎viral meningitis ?流行性乙型脑炎epidemic encephalitis B ?1、流行性出血热：hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome；?斑疹伤寒：typhus fever ?伤寒、副伤寒：typhoid fever parat