Pelvic floor dysfunction disease research progress.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 27 Pelvic floor dysfunction disease research progress [Keywords:] pelvic floor function; disorders; Research Pelvic floor dysfunction disease (pelvic floor dysfunction, PFD), there is no international standard definition of the clinical, the current recommendation is defined as: any symptoms of genital prolapse tissue defects in reproductive tract support, prolapse beyond the hymen of the most remote edge ; In addition any symptoms of genital prolapse, women rule out other possible causes, even bulging of the most remote edge of the hymen or more, also defined as genital prolapse [1]. PFD is currently a hot research department of gynecology, at home and abroad for its pathogenesis, pathophysiology changes, new diagnosis methods, surgical pelvic floor anatomy and the advantages and disadvantages of various aspects, such as for a lot of research, this paper these aspects as summarized below. 1 PFD etiology of 1.1 The decline in estrogen levels in postmenopausal pelvic floor dysfunction significantly increased the incidence of disease, indicating low levels of estrogen and its occurrence. Study found that female reproductive tract tissues of the cardinal ligament, uterosacral ligaments, levator ani muscle, vaginal tissue and the posterior fornix exist in the vaginal wall tissue estrogen receptor (ER), ER expression in strength by the menstrual status of the different effects of estrogen on the other. ER present in the uterosacral ligament smooth muscle cell nucleus. bladder and urethra are derived from the time in embryonic development urogenital ridge, and the female reproductive tract development of identity, immunohistochemistry confirmed bladder and urethra contain estrogen receptors, urethral submucosal blood vessels from the estrogen sensitive to estrogen submucosal blood flow changes under the rich, soft and thick mucous can increase the capacity of the pressure urethra, if estrogen levels drop, closing the urethra role of t