Progress in nucleic acid immunization of malaria research.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 20 Progress in nucleic acid immunization of malaria research UNDP / World Bank / WHO TDR built advocated prevention and control of six kinds of major tropical diseases, in addition to leprosy, the other five kinds of diseases are parasites, and malaria is the biggest danger a class of parasitic disease. While the entire world in order to vector control and drug treatment center planned large-scale prevention and treatment nearly 40 years, but there are still 100 countries and regions, in different degrees by Jiji threats. Due to environmental change and the increase in floating population, threatened the population with wide variability. It is estimated that in 1994 there were 23 billion people (accounting for 41% of the world’s population) live in areas threatened by malaria. The incidence of malaria worldwide is estimated that each year 3 - year 100 million cases, the death toll of 150-270 million people. Approximately 1 million cases of deaths of children under 5 years old accompanied by malaria or other diseases caused by [1], and thus malaria vaccine is imperative, and has become an important part of malaria prevention and treatment. Plasmodium life cycle has more than one time, there are a variety of antigens for each life cycle phase, and each antigen with multiple epitopes, some of antigen to a number of alleles, the same antigen, there are a variety of structural forms, the immune system There are many influencing factors, and different host immune response is not the same, all of these factors to the development of malaria vaccine has brought a lot of difficulties [2]. Malaria vaccine from the existing view, the first generation of malaria vaccines - all insects live attenuated vaccines stimulate immune response is low, clinical trials, with paltry results. Even the great hopes of the second generation of vaccines - genetic engineering subunit vaccine and synthetic peptide vaccine, because of post-translational modification of e