too...to用法.doc

在一般情况下,too... to...结构意为“太……以致不能……”,too后接形容词或副词,to是动词不定式符号,后接动词原形,动词不定式表示否定意义。但是,too... to...结构在以下情况中,动词不定式表示肯定意义。 一、too... to ...的意义 too...to...句型形式是肯定的，但表达否定意义，表示太……而不能……。too的后面接形容词或副词的原级，to的后面接动词原形，构成动词不定式。too...to...句型是简单句。例如： He is too young to join the army.他年龄太小，不能参军。 二、动词不定式的逻辑主语 动词不定式所发出的动作，其执行者与整个句子的主语不同指一个人或物时，需要在动词不定式前加上一个逻辑主语(for sb.)。例如： The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out.这道数学题太难我不能解出它。 三、too...to...结构表示肯定意义的情况 1. too前面含有表示否定意义的词，例如: not, never, nothing等时，too... to...结构不表示否定意义。例如： One is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。 2.如果在too...to...结构的前面出现了only,不仅免去了其否定意义，反而加强了它的肯定语气，only too相当于very或very much。例如： I shall be only too pleased to get home.我将极高兴地回家。 3. too后为表示情感的形容词，例如：glad, pleased, happy, sad等时，表示的是肯定意义。例如： He is too sad to hear the bad news.听到不幸的消息他太悲伤了。 四、too...to...结构与... enough to...结构及so...that...结构的相互转换 1.将too...to...结构转换为...enough to...结构时要注意：①enough前的形容词或副词须是too前面形容词或副词的反义词；②...enough to ...句式须用否定式；③too...to...结构有逻辑主语时，...enough to...结构也要加上逻辑主语。例如： She is too young to do the work.→She isnt old enough to do the work. 2.将too...to...结构转换为so...that...结构时要注意：①so...that...结构是复合句，so的后面接形容词或副词，that的后面接从句；②that后面的从句要用否定形式。例如： She is too young to do the work.→She is so young that she cant do the work. 改写同义句，每空一词。??? 1. The book is interesting enough for everybody to read.??? The book is ____ interesting ____ everybody likes to read it.??? 2. The boy is so short that he can’t reach the buttons of the lift.??? The boy is ____ short ____ ____ the buttons of the lift.??? The boy isn’t ___ ____ _____ _____ the buttons of the 3. He is old enough to go to school. ??? He is __________ __________ that __________ __________ go to school.??? 4. She was so weak that she couldn’t take care of her baby.??? She was __________ weak __________ take care of her baby. 5．The water was so dirty that we couldnt drink it． The water was ____ dirty for us ____ drink．（2001上海市） 6．The child is so young that he cant put on h