主动语态与被动语态及专项练习.docx

主动语态与被动语态 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者或发出者。 She likes English. 被动语态：主语是动作的承受着或涉及到的对象。 English is liked (by her) . 被动语态的构成：be + v-ed 写出各种时态的被动语态形式： 被动语态时态构成主动语态（以teach为例）被动语态（以teach为例）一般现在时 be(am/is/are) + v-edteach teaches现在进行时 be(am/is/are) be + v-edbe(am/is/are) teaching过去进行时 be(was/were) be + v-edbe(was/were) teaching一般过去时 be(was/were) + v-edtaught一般将来时 be(am/is/are) going to be + v-edbe(am/is/are) going to teach一般将来时 Will be + v-edwill teach现在完成时 have/has been + v-edhave/has taught过去完成时 had been + v-edhad taught含有情态动词的被动语态 can/may/must/need be + v-edcan/may/must/need teach三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 　 What will happen in 100 years. 　　The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。This pen writes well. 　This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。 　　 make sb. do sth. →sb.+ be +made to do sth. 　　 see sb. do sth. →sb. +be +seen to do sth. 　　 例：The boss made the little boy do heavy work. →The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.?4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 　　 例：He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. 　　 He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 　　 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us. 专项练习： 将下面句子改为被动语态 1. Everybody?likes?him. 2.He?broke?the?cup. 3.He?answered?me?that?question. 4. He?wrote?her?a?letter. 5. She?made?him?a?new?coat. 6. He?gave?her?some?money. 7. He?bought?her?a?watch. 将下面句子改为主动语态 English?is?taught?in?our?school. We?are?taken?good?care?of?at?school. He?was?taken?to?the?police?station. The?house?was?built?ten?years?ago. A?new?building?will?be?built?here?soon. The?meeting?will?be?held?at?two?this?afternoon. All?the?work?has?been?done?now. Have?the?letters?been?posted? He?said?the?work?had?been?finished. My?watch?is?being?repaired?by?him. The?plan?is?now?being?discussed. He?said?that?the?man?was?being?operated?on. He?told?me