英语语法[八]复合句.ppt

; 定语从句( Attributive Clause) ;在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，作用等于形容词。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般跟在先行词后面，关联词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。 He is the man that I served. There is a road which goes through the island. ;关联词一： 关系代词有 who, whom（代人）；which（代物）；that, whose, as （代人或物）。 （可以作定语从句的主语,宾语或定语。） The nice girl who said good-bye to us was Mr. Johns daughter. Mr. John interviewed more than ten girls, most of whom were unsuitable to the job. The winter has been very cold, which is unusual in the country. He finds the book which you gave me last week very interesting. We lived in Mr. Johns room, whose door opened to the south. ; 在有些情况下，特别是that 在从句中作宾语时，常可省略。 The letter (that) I received yesterday is very important. You are just the sort of person we need. Come and see the new shirt I bought. All you have to do is send a paining to them. ; 关联词二： 关系副词when, where, why在定语从句中作状语，其先行词总是表示时间、地点或理由的名词。 There are occasions ____ one must yield. Beijing is the place ____ I was born. Is this the reason ____ he refused our offer? Air moves from places ____ the pressure is higher to places where the pressure is lower. ; There are occasions when one must yield. Beijing is the place where I was born. Is this the reason why he refused our offer? Air moves from places where the pressure is higher to places where the pressure is lower.; 从句的数和人称要和先行词一致，格取决于它们在句中充当的成分。 Those who want to study English well should go to ask Mr. John. The technician whom we met yesterday had worked out a new device. A machine is a kind of device which (that) helps to do work. ; 先行词前有限定词 all, any, every, (a)few, no, only, some, very、序数词或形容词最高级等修饰时，或先行词是指物的不定代词 all, little, few, much, none 或 -thing 构成的复合不定代词时，一般只用关系代词 that。 There is not much that can be done. Any student that wants to succeed must work hard. Ive made up my mind, and nothing (that) you say will change it. ;as 也可作关系代词 He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent. The two broth