词汇与语法(4非谓语动词)2009年11月绪论.ppt

Non-infinitive;;形式;;不定式的句法功能 ;不定式的句法功能-主语;与of连用的形容词;不定式的句法功能;不定式的句法功能-表语;不定式的句法功能;不定式的句法功能-宾语;不定式的句法功能-宾语;不定式的句法功能-宾语;不定式的句法功能;不定式的句法功能-宾语补足语;;不定式的句法功能;不定式的句法功能-定语;不定式的句法功能;注意不定式逻辑主语与句子主语要一致： To save money, every means has been tried. To save money, he has tried every means. ;不定式的句法功能-状语;不定式的句法功能-状语;不定式的句法功能-状语;不定式的句法功能;;不定式的时态;不定式的时态;不定式的否定形式;不定式符号的省略与保留 ;;;分词;分词句法功能 ;exciting, excited annoying, annoyed amazing, amazed amusing, amused astonishing, astonished boring, bored confusing, confused disappointing, disappointed encouraging, encouraged embarrassing, embarrassed frightening, frightened inspiring, inspired ;;分词句法功能;分词;③其他情况,一般不用现在分词短语作定语,而用定语从句  The man who came this morning is our headmaster. (过去时)  The students who will attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.  Is there anyone who can answer this question?  Those who have finished their work can go home now. (完成时)  ;–ing结构做定语后置 ; 以-ing or –ed 结尾的形容词做表语 ;以-ing结尾的形容词表达事物给人的感觉，以–ed 结尾的形容词表达人对事物的感觉。 Julia thinks politics is very interesting. The film was disappointing. I expected it to be much better. We were shocked when we heard the news. Everybody was surprised that he passed the exam. ;3. 动词-ing形式做宾语补足语;4. –ing 从句做状语 ;动 名 词 (The Gerund) ;动名词的形式：以write为例 ;句法功能 ;句法功能-主语 ;用于结构: There is no doing sth. No doing. have a good (hard ) time/ difficulty/ problem/trouble /fun/ pleasure (in) doing sth. There is no ____ (know) what will happen in the future. No _____ (spit) in public places. With the boy _______ (lead) the way, we had no difficulty ________ (find) his house. ;动名词句法功能;动名词句法功能;比较: a sleeping car， a sleeping boy a sleeping car= a car for sleeping ( _______ ) a sleeping boy=a boy who is sleeping ( _______ ) ;动名词句法功能;b）介词(in, for, about, before, …)+ing What are the advantages of having a car? How about playing tennis tomorrow? I bought a new bicycle instead of going away on holiday. Before going out, I phoned Sarah. What did you do after leaving school? ;c）动词+介词的词组+ing;常见短