Oracle备份与容灾详解教程.pptx

Oracle 数据安全;01;一. 为什么要进行备份和容灾？;一.为什么要进行备份和容灾？;二. 备份和容灾概况;2.1 区分物理备份和逻辑备份;2.2.1 什么是冷备份？ 数据库没有打开的情况下，使用操作系统命令或rman进行备份，由于数据库没有打开，数据库的数据是干净一致的，不存在活动事务。 方式： 使用操作系统命令直接复制数据文件到另外一个目录即可，windows下直接复制粘贴，其他平台 如linux下：cp ;三. rman物理备份;三. rman物理备份;[oracle@db ~]$ rman target / --使用rman登录数据库 connected to target database: TESTDB (DBID=2592324560) RMAN backup database format /backup/fullbak_%U; Starting backup at 2013/09/05 09:23:00 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=145 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset input datafile fno=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system.dbf input datafile fno=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux.dbf input datafile fno=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users.dbf … channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013/09/05 09:23:01 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013/09/05 09:24:07 piece handle=/backup/fullbak_05oj2uvl_1_1 tag=TA092301 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:06 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset including current control file in backupset including current SPFILE in backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2013/09/05 09:24:10 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2013/09/05 09:24:11 piece handle=/backup/fullbak_06oj2v1n_1_1 tag=TA092301 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04 Finished backup at 2013/09/05 09:24:11;可以看出备份全库时包括两部分：一个数据文件的备份集，其中包括了所有的数据文件，一个控制文件+spfile的备份集，包括了控制文件和spfile ;2.假设此时磁盘发生损坏，并强制关闭了数据库;3.恢复控制文件;4.恢复数据文件 包括两步：restore、recover;RMAN recover database; Starting recover at 2013/09/05 12:53:46 using channel ORA_DISK_1 starting media recovery archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_17_823348175.dbf thread=1 sequence=17 archive log filename=/u01/app/orac