国立中山大学99学年度博士班招生考试试题.PDFVIP

國立中山大學 99 學年度博士班招生考試試題 科目：生物科學（生科系） 共2頁第 1頁 問答題：每位考生必須回答規定的五題問題； 甲組考生 --必須回答01 至04題 ，外加其餘題目中之任何一題(其餘題目作答超過一 題者，以得分最低的一題計算成績 ) 乙組考生--必須回答05 至08題 ，外加其餘題目中之任何一題(其餘題目作答超過一 題者，以得分最低的一題計算成績 ) 丙組考生--必須回答09 至12題 ，外加其餘題目中之任何一題(其餘題目作答超過一 題者，以得分最低的一題計算成績 ) 01. In a hot humid Sunday morning of July, you decided to participate in your friend’s 100-km bicycle ride on a hilly course: (1) Please describe how your cardiovascular system would adapt in order to meet the need of exercise one minute after you started peddling. Please also describe the adaptation of the same system 30 minutes after you started riding. (2) After one hour of riding under the sun, you were very sweaty and very thirsty. To the best of your knowledge, please describe, in detail, which endocrine system(s) was (were) activated to cope with your physiological needs, and how it (they) was (were) activated. Please also describe the physiological and/or biochemical effect(s) following its (their) activation. (3) After another 20 minutes, your sensation of thirst and exhaustion was heightened even more. You thought about the 3-liter ice cold beer you drank before sleep the night before. Ten seconds before passing out, you realized that it was a big mistake to drink that beer. Please describe your cardiovascular change(s) immediately before you passed out, and indicate why such change(s) failed to prevent you from fainting. Please also explain why it was a mistake to drink that beer the night before. (20 points). 02. Please describe all the general electrophysiological, neurochemical, and biochemical events that are involved in the activation and contraction of a motor unit, beginning from the dendrites of a motor neuron in the spinal cord. (20 points).