山西省朔州市平鲁区李林中学高中英语外研版Book8Module3ForeignFoodPeriod2学案.doc

李林中学高三年级英语导学案 课前导学 Goals[来源:金太阳新课标资源网] To review Attributive Clause ▇Procedures Step 1: Some practical explanations of Attributive Clause 一、经常使用定语从句的场合: 1.先行词为独一无二的物体时。如：The sun, which rises in the east, gives us heat and light.太阳从东边升起，给我们发出光和热。 2.先行词是指物的专有名词时。如： The Great Wall, which is called in Chinese “The Ten Thousand Li Great Wall”, is actually more than 6,000 kilometers long. [来源:金太阳新课标资源网 HTTP://WX.JTYJY.COM/] 长城，中国人称作“万里长城”，实际上 6,000多公里。 3.先行词指物且被指示代词或人称代词所修饰时。如：This is her house, which was built last year. 这是她的房子，是去年建的。 4.定语从句修饰整个主句时。如：He is from America, which I know from his accent. 他是美国人，这一点我从他的口音可以断定。 二、定语从句引导词的选择: 1.关系代词的选择 1)非限制性定语从句的关系代词不能用that。指人时，如引导词做主语用who、作宾语用whom；指物时要用which.注意引导词作宾语也不能省略。如： Mr. Zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father’s. 张先生昨天来看我，他是我父亲的一位老朋友。（作主语） Miss Howe, whom you met at the station, is from America. 豪小姐是美国人，你在车站见过她。（作宾语） The Great Wall of China, which was built by ancient Chinese people, is regarded as one of the few wonders of the world. 长城是古代中国人民修建的，它被看作是世界上为数不多的奇迹之一。 2)as和which的选择 as和which都可用来引导非限制性定语从句，来指代整个主句的内容。非限制性定语从句位于句末、且as或 which在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，两者常可互换。如： She failed in the exam, which/ as was natural.他考试没及格，这很自然。（作主语） He is an honest boy, which/ as anybody can see. 任何人都能看得出来，他是个诚实的孩子。（作宾语） The man seemed a German, which/ as in fact he was. 那个人似乎是个德国人，实事上他就是德国人。（作表语） 但要注意以下区别： ①如非限制性定语从句位于主句之前或插在主句之中时，只能用as。如。 As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth. 我们已经看到，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十多。 This kind of computer, as is well-known, is out of date. 众所周知，这种计算机现在已经过时了。 ②as在从句中作主语，后面常跟行为动词的被动式; which在从句中作主语，后常跟行为动词的主动式。如： She has been late again, as was expected. 她又迟到了，这在预料之中。 It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park. 昨天雨下得很大，使我无法去公园。 Kate always tells a lie, which her parents find strange. 凯特总是说谎，她父母觉得这很奇怪。 ③当从句和主句语义一致时用 as，表“正如”；反之用which。如： The thief came again, as was expected. 小偷又一次来了，这是预料之中的。（语义一致） The elephant is like a snake, which is not right. 大象像