安徒生对英国文学的影响 The Impact of Hans Christian Andersen on Victorian Fiction.docVIP

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安徒生对英国文学的影响 The Impact of Hans Christian Andersen on Victorian Fiction.doc

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The Impact of Hans Christian Andersen on Victorian Fiction Jacqueline Banerjee, PhD, Contributing Editor, UK [This is the third of three edited and updated excerpts from an essay entitled Hans Christian Andersen and the Victorians, which appeared in translation in Literature, Culture and History in Victorian England: A Festschrift for Professor Matsumura (Tokyo: Eiho-sha, 1999. 68-89).] Of Hans Christian Andersens two hundred and more short pieces, less than twenty appeared in volumes subtitled Told for Children, and these volumes were the first few, published when the young and impecunious Danish author was desperate for a share of the market (see De Mylius, 168-69). His dedications to Dickens soon confirmed that he had no intention of limiting his audience to children. In the event, many other eminent Victorians besides Thackeray were greatly taken with his work. Not all were put off, as Dickens eventually was, by his personal gaucheness and egotism. Indeed, Elizabeth Barrett Brownings last poem, inspired by Andersens visit to Italy in 1861, extols him not only as a seer with a poets tongue, but also as a man of men (The North and the South). Consequently, Andersen as well as the Grimms had a pervasive and profound effect on Victorian fiction throughout the period. Fairy tales were written even by major figures like Ruskin (The King of the Golden River) and even the major novels are moulded by fairy-tale themes and structures (Wullschl?ger 101). Like the drenched girl who knocks on the city gate in a storm at the beginning of Andersens The Princess and the Pea, the plainly dressed Jane Eyre wins the hero by her extraordinary sensitivity; like the ungainly chick in The Ugly Duckling, Maggie Tulliver in The Mill on the Floss is one of many plain or tomboyish young heroines who turn into beauties. And even though successive Victorian translators sought to push his tales further and further into the nursery, one of the writers most directly influenced by Andersen was