红树林河口段之土壤性质与改良.doc

河口低塑性粘土之性質-苗栗縣射流溝 The Properties of the Estuary’s Low Plasticity Clay - Sirlyu River, Miao-Li County- 楊朝平 中華大學土木工程研究所 新竹市香山區東香里五福路2段707號 電話：03-5374281-2714 傳真：03-5372188 Email: ycp@chu.edu.tw 摘要 「就地取材」為生態工法之大原則，而紅樹林河口段之土層為含砂、粉、粘之土壤，其飽和度高、孔隙比大、承載力低、壓密沉陷量大等，土壤性質不佳。為兼顧防洪及保護紅樹林，以生態工法施做河防構造物最適宜，而土層調查乃工法設計之大根本。為此，本研究以苗栗縣竹南鎮射流溝之河口段為調查區域，調查該區河床之土壤性質。 射流溝河口段之軟弱土層深達數十公尺，其河床質分類屬CL 類（低塑性粘土）。從現地土層取得之不擾動試體的含水量約為35%、濕單位重19.4、孔隙比0.81、完全飽和。現地土層之有機物含量2.35%，=10.1屬強鹼性。依標準夯實試驗，所測得之最大乾單位重17.0、最佳含水量15.1%。依直接剪力試驗，測得不擾動試體之內摩擦角= 10.3，夯實試體之=33.3，知曉夯實試體之抗剪強度甚大於不擾動者，表夯實改良技術效果好。根據壓密試驗結果，不擾動試體之壓縮指數0.229，故可預測當構築土堤於河岸上時，其壓密沉陷量大，需注意。 關鍵辭：生態工法、河口、低塑性粘土、土壤性質。 Abstract One of the principal of the ecological construction method is “full utilization of field materials”. Moreover, the stratum of the estuary with mangrove habitat is soft and in saturation state, with high consolidation settlement and low bearing capacity. The ecological construction methods are suitable for the targets of flood control and preserving mangrove. It is necessary to survey the various properties of soils of mangrove habitat in order to assemble superior construction methods. Therefore, this study surveyed the properties of stratum in the estuary of the Sirlyu River, Miao-Li County. The specified stratum is weak and rather depth. The soil is classified as CL (i.e. low plasticity clay) and its group name is sandy silt with clay. The nature moisture content, unit weight and void ratio of the undisturbed soil are 35%, 19.4and 0.81 respectively. The content of organic materials in the undisturbed soil is 2.35% and its value is 10.1. The moisture content and dry unit weight of the soil at optimum compaction state are 15.1% and 17.0 respectively. According to the results of direct shear tests, the internal angle of friction of the undisturbed soil is 10.3. Whereas, the value of of the compacted soil is 33.3, this value is rather higher than the one of the undisturbed soil. According to the results of consolidation