化工分离过程胡大乔第1章绪论.ppt

分离过程Separation processclass hours:36credits:2;返回;参考教材;Textbook;J. D. Seader;References---Books;References---Journals;Separation and Purification Technology， Elsevier Science;Fundamentals of various separation processes and the tools necessary for selecting the most suitable separation sequence for a required task. Equilibrium-based processes such as distillation, extraction, absorption and stripping, adsorption and crystallization as well as rate-governed processes such as membrane separation. Discussion of comparative energy requirements, economics, advantage and disadvantages of proposed separation tasks. ;Course objective;教学目标---Objective ; 着重基本概论的理解，为分离过程的选择、特性分析和计算奠定基础。从分离过程的共性出发，讨论各种分离方法的特征。强调将工程和工艺相结合的观点及设计和分析能力的训练；强调理论联系实际，提高解决问题的能力。;教学要求---Requirements;教学??时：36课时 考核方式：考试 成绩：70（期末）+ 15（平时到堂率）+ 15（小组presentation) ;第一章 绪 论;第一章 绪 论Chapter 1 Introduction; 主要内容及要求： 了解分离操作在化工生产中的重要性，分离过程的分类。 了解化工分离过程的研发现状和发展趋势。 ;What is Separation?;Gas (air, N2/O2) separation;What is Separation?;What is Separation?;Why Separate？;In Human Body;Separation processes: Our life depends on these;Critical separations in human body;In Industry;Why Separate？;Separation Process;Analytical Separations ? small scale? quantitative analysis;Distillation Column;Example: Refinery of crude oil;Example: Production of p-xylene;Separation processes The legacy;Examples for early separation techniques;Separation processes;Technological and use maturities of separation processes;分离过程的分类;Classificatin of Separation Operation;;1.1 Classifications of Mass Transfer Separation Processes;按物理化学原理的不同，传质分离可分为：;Mass transfer Separation processes;混合物;平衡分离过程;平衡分离过程的分离单元操作; 吸收蒸出 ;An MSA may be partially immiscible with one or more of the species in the mixture. In this case, the MSA is frequently the constituent of highest concentration in the second phase. ;闪蒸 （Flash） 部分冷凝 （Partial Condensation） 精馏 （Distillation） 特殊精馏 （Enhanced Distillation） 萃取精馏 （Extractive Distillation） 共沸