（新课标）高三英语一轮复习 专项技法9 阅读理解之篇章结构课件 外研版.pptVIP

技法9　阅读理解技法之篇章结构 返回目录 技法9　阅读理解技法之篇章结构 　篇章结构题根据其考查内容可分为三种：考查考生对整个文章结构的组织能力；考查考生对后文内容的预测能力；考查考生对文章写作手法、修辞手段的鉴赏能力。 一、篇章结构题主要的设题方式有： 1．How is the passage organized? 2．Which of the following best shows the structure/organization of the passage? 3．What will the author most probably talk about next? 4．The author develops the passage mainly by ________． 5．The first paragraph serves as a(n) ________． 6．The example of…is given to show/illustrate that ________． 返回目录 * 技法9　阅读理解技法之篇章结构 二、篇章结构题主要的解题策略有： 1．了解文章结构的组织形式。从段落组织方式上讲，常见的文章结构有三种：总分式结构(总→分；总→分→总；分→总)、并列式结构(段落之间是平行关系，并且相对独立)、对照式结构(结构形式上是一正一反)。 2．了解文章的论证方法。从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类：Put forward a problem→Analyze the problem→Solve the problem，即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的过程；Argument/Idea→Evidence→Conclusion/Restating the idea，即“由论点到论据到结论或者强调论点”的过程。 返回目录 * 技法9　阅读理解技法之篇章结构 3．了解文章的写作手法。在高考阅读中主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举例证和对比等写作手法。其中， “引用”和“例证”是议论文和说明文中最常用的写作手法之一，是历年高考阅读试题中必不可缺的命题方向。“引用”和“例证”的共同目的就是增强说服力，以更好地达到说 理、说明的目的。“引用”和“例证”的共同功能就是服务于段落或篇章的主题。 返回目录 * 例 1　[2013?重庆卷] (节选) (最后一段)In the mid-1700s，a Frenchman came up with a new design of road—a base layer (层)of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong，lasting road surface became a reality.At around the same time，metal hubs(the central part of a wheel) came into being，followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎) in 1846. Alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路)．As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster. 返回目录 技法9　阅读理解技法之篇章结构 * 问题：How is the last paragraph mainly developed? A．By giving examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By following time order. D．By making classifications. [点睛] C　段落结构题。在写作手法上，该段看似举例,但这些例子均是按时间由远及近而叙述的，所以是按照时间顺序来组织文段的，故C项正确。 返回目录 技法9　阅读理解技法之篇章结构 * 例 2　[2013?重庆卷] (节选) (最后一段)It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath—perhaps not so noticeably out in mid-ocean，but where it meets land, its waters bathing