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.iuuu Malmid Structure diagrams of cast irons Classification and properties of cast irons (1) Classification and properties of cast irons (2) Heat treatment of cast irons (1) Hardness of metallic ground mass ferrite 100…160 HB pearlite 180…220 HB sorbite 220…300 HB bainite 300…320 HB martensite 380…600 HB Grey cast iron heat treatment Heat treatment of cast irons (2) Heat treatment of spheroidal graphite/ malleable cast iron Designation system of cast irons (EN) Designation and materials No. (1) Grey cast iron EN-GJL L – lamellar G Spheroidal graphite c.i. EN-GJS S – spheroidal G Malleable cast iron EN-GJM M – malleable (temper G) white EN-GJMW black EN-GJMB Grey cast iron (EN1561) Rm based HB based Designation and materials No. (2) Spheroidal graphite cast iron (EN1563) Rm ja A based HB based Malleable cast iron (EN1562) Rm ja A based White Black CAST IRONS Thank You for attention! priit.kulu@ttu.ee * CAST IRONS Advantages and disadvantages of cast irons (in comparison with steels): Advantages : good castability (low Tm, good fluidility) good machinability (graphite cast irons) antivibration properties low stress concentration sensibility Disadvantages : high brittleness non machinable (white cast iron, chilled cast iron) cold brittleness (KV = 7 – 14 J, – 40°/+23°C) .iuuu Cast iron structure impactors Chemical composition (C, Si, Mn) Si ? graphite cast irons , Mn ? white cast iron Cooling rate ?vjaht ? white cast iron, chilled cast iron ? vjaht ? grey cast iron Modification Mg, Ts, Ca ? spheroidal graphite cast iron Alloying Mn ? wear resistance Si ? corrosion resistance Cr ? high-temperature strength Ni ? corrosion resistance, with Cr, Si wear resistance CAST IRONS Chemical composition and cooling rate Chemical composition (C and Si%) CAST IRONS Mechanical properties of main graphite cast irons CAST IRONS 0 22…2 12…1,5 190…275 140…360 100…320 100…450 350…1000 30