§语法归纳.doc

§语法归纳 虚拟语气（二） 主语从句中的虚拟语气 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should+动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。常用句型有： It is strange that he (should) go himself. 真奇怪，他怎么自己单独去呢！ It is a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 真遗憾，你失去了这么好的机会。 It has been decided that the sports meet (should) be put off till next month. 已经决定了，把运动会推迟到下个月。 ▲ 若从句只是叙述事实，而不表达任何感情，则that从句也可用陈述语气。 It is a pity that you can’t swim. 很遗憾你不会游泳。 同位语从句和表语从句中的虚拟语气 作表示建议、命令、请求等地名词如advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request, decision等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”。连接词that不能省略。 My suggestion is that we (should) go there at once. 我的建议是我们应该立刻去那儿。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. 我的建议是我们应该让更多的人参加会议。 I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我建议我们下周应该举行会议。 三、定语从句中的虚拟语气 在it’s (high) time that句型中，从句谓语通常用一般过去时或should+动词原形(should不能省略)，其意为“（早）该做某事了”。 It is high time that we had our lunch. 该是我们吃午饭的时候了。 = It is high time that we (should) have our lunch. It is time that he made up his mind. 该是他做出决定的时候了。 = It is time that he should make up his mind. 四、虚拟语气在其他句型中的应用。 1. would rather句型中的虚拟语气 在would rather that +从句的结构中，需要用到虚拟，表示“愿望”。 would rather that I would rather that they came tomorrow. 我宁愿他们明天来。 The manager would rather that his secretary went to the meeting instead of him. 经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。 I would rather you had gone there. 你要是去那里就好了。 2. as if, as though从句中的虚拟语气 as if(as though)引导的方式状语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。 当说话者所陈述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句需用陈述语气。 It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句需用虚拟语气，从句中动词时态的形式如下： 从句若与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 从句若与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。 从句表示将来发生的可能性不大，谓语动词用“would (could, might+动词原形)”。 He talks/ talked as if he knew where she was. 他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 He talks/ talked about Rome as if he had been there before. 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。 He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 3. if only（要是……，那该多好啊！）句型中的虚拟语气。 if only与I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所接虚拟语气的时态与wish后所接时态的情况相同。 If only the player had more courag