第三章︰词的省略.pptVIP

第三章 词的省略 省去的词语必须是： （1）在译文中看来是可有可无的，或是多余的； （2）其意思已经包含在上下文里； （3）其含义在译文中是不言而喻的。 1.生活在四川的汉、藏、彝、 羌、傈僳等十几个民族，各有不同的文化和风俗，成为巴蜀歌舞取之不尽，用之不竭的创作源泉。 The Han, Tibetan Yi, Qiang Lisu and other nationalities in Sichuan maintain different cultures and customs, which provide the inexhaustible source of folk songs and dances “铜墙铁壁” bastion of iron； “能说会道” to have the gift of the gab 2．我们说，长征是历史记录上的第一次，长征是宣言书，长征是宣传队，长征是播种机。 We answer that the Long March is the first of its kind in the annals of history, that it is a manifesto, a propaganda force, a seeding machine. 3．生也好，死也好，我们要忠于党，忠于人民，忠于祖国。 Live or die, we should be loyal to our Party, to our people and to our motherland. “分析问题”中的“问题”一词，就有具体含义，非译出不可； 而“人民内部矛盾问题”中的“问题”则是表明范畴，不必译出，只需译作contradictions among the people就行了。 4．前怕狼后怕虎的态度不能造就干部。 “Fearing dragons ahead and tigers behind” will not produce cadres. 5．讨论的范围涉及中美关系，中俄关系……。 The discussion covers Sino-U.S. relation, Sino-Russian relation…. 6．现在大汉族主义还是很少的，例如包办代替，不尊重人家的风俗习惯，自以为是，看不起人家，说人家怎么样落后等等。 At present, there is still a good deal of Han chauvinism, for example, monopolizing the affairs of the minority nationalities, showing no respect for their customs and folk-ways, being self-righteous, looking down on them and saying how backward they are. 7．我们正在采取措施，逐步加强京包、京广、陇海等重要铁路干线薄弱区段的改造……。 Measures are being taken gradually to strengthen the transformation of the weak sections along the Beijing-Baotou, Beijing-Guangzhou, Longhai and other trunk railway lines. 8．长江、黄河、黑龙江、珠江等四大河流。 The four large rivers-the Changjiang, the Huanghe, the Helongjiang and the Zhujiang. （1）汉语的对偶词组，往往前后两对在含义上重复，在修辞上也很匀称。英语一般没有这种形式，译时只需译其中的一对。 （2）汉语中的习语有些常用叠词来增强语言效果。 贪官污吏 corrupt officials 土崩瓦解 fall apart 筋疲力尽 Exhaustion 街谈巷议 street gossip 空空洞洞 hollow 恭恭敬敬 respectfully 9．花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不了的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗绸缎，花不完的金银财宝。 The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than could be consumed and more money than could be spent. 10．学习外语的方法和学习游泳的方法一样，必须把实践放到第一位。 The way of learning f