农副食品加工行业废水治理成本的经济分析及政策启示.pdfVIP

牛坤玉等 农副食品加工行业废水治理成本的经济分析及政策肩示 农副食品加工行业废水治理成本的 经济分析及政策启示骨 牛坤玉1，2 於方2 郭静利l 捋 (1.中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081 ;2. 环境保护部环境规划院，北京 100012) 摘要 以农副食品加工行业为例.构建了工业行业废水治理投资和运行费用函数，分析了废水治理投资和运行费用与废水处 理规模、企业性质、废水处理技术、企业所在区域、子行业等因素的关系。结果表明:(1)农副食品加工行业的单位废水治理投资和运 行费用呈现显著的规模递减效应;(2) 向非国有制方向发展的所有制改革并非一定能使废水治理成本降低，外资企业的废水治理成 本高于国有企业以3) 民营企业废水治理成本较国有企业低不一定是由于废水治理绩效改善带来的，而可能是由于企业环保意识薄 弱、压缩治理成本、超标排污导致的以4) 废水治理成本在地区间具有显著差异，西部地区废水治理规模远大于东、中部地区，规模递 减效应导致西部地区单位废水治理投资和运行费用最低以5) 技术因素也是废水治理成本的影响因素之一，化学工艺的废水治理投 资费用低于生物工艺，但运行费用高于生物工艺。 关键词工业废水治理投资费用运行费用农副食品加工行业 DOI: 10.15985/ki.1001-3865.2016.08.019 Ecooomic analysis 00 iodustrial wastewater treatmeot cωts and policy implications for the agricultural byproducts pro- C倒iog iodustry io Chioa NIU Kunyu 1.2 ,YU Fang 2 ,GUO Jingli1.( l. Institute of Agricultural Economics and De- velopment , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081; 2. Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning ,Beijing 100012) Abstract: The construction and operation cost functions of industrial wastewater treatment were explored based on a case study of the agricultural byproducts processing industry in China. In this study , the influence of the main factors including wastewater treatment scale ,enterprise ownership ,wastewater treatment technology ,region and sub- sector on the construction and operation cost of industrial wastewater treatment was analyzed. The major findings of this paper were as follows: ( 1) Unit wastewater treatment costs in the agricultural byproducts processing industry showed a great decreasing scale effect. (2) Ownership reform towards non-stat~owned enterprises would not necessa- rily cause improvements