feminism要点.ppt

* Feminists of Color Marxist and Materialist Feminisms Feminist Film Studies Gender Studies Feminists of Color Feminists of color argue that the majority of feminists want to become members of the power structure,counted as men and sharing in the bounties of contemporary capitalist culture,equal wages,child care,or other accepted social “rights”.A black or lesbian feminist might see a heterosexual white woman as having more in common with men than with other women of different ethnicities an classes. 少数族裔女性文学（Minority Feminisims) Mnority feminisms share in both essentialist and constructivist views,that is,whereas ethnic difference is a fact to be celebrated,feminisms of color recognize the ways women and race both constructs in society. Including Latina and Chicana feminists,Asian American feminists,African-American feminists etc. 黑人女性主义（Black Feminists） 黑人女性主义的发展； 当代黑人女性主义的几个关键性主题； 代表人物及作品。 黑人女性主义的发展 黑人女性主义萌芽于19世纪，进入20世纪时，自由平等的呼声高涨，一批黑人男作家运用黑人独特的视角和经历进行创作，其中以Longston Hughes 和Richard Wright为代表，描写了黑人的苦难经历，社会觉悟和民族自尊，成为哈莱姆文艺复兴的代表人物。同时期的黑人女性作家以Zora Neale Hurston为代表，她以一位女性的笔触和独特的视角，从奇特的民俗和非裔传统中追寻黑人传统民族文化，却长期被忽视，遭受边缘化的命运； 20世纪70年代末及80年代黑人女性主义发展迅速。当代黑人女性作家成绩斐然。其中以Alice Walker的小说《紫色》为代表，再现了黑人女性在20世纪上半叶所遭受的种族和性别压迫； 20世纪90年代黑人女性文学取得了标志性的发展，Alice Walker获得普利策奖，Toni Morrison于1993年成为荣获诺贝尔文学奖的首位黑人女性作家，标志着美国黑人女性文学在国内以及国际上得到了广泛承认和普遍认可。 Crucial Themes in Contemporary Black Feminism the hope for “an alternative social construct for now and the future based on African-American womens lived experiences; a commitment to fighting against race and gender inequality across differences of class,age,sexual orientation,and ethnicity; recognition of Black womens legacy of struggle; a belief in the interdependenceof thought and action; the promotion of black female empowerment through voice,visibility and self definition. Alice Malsenior Walker (born February 9, 1944) is an American novelist, short story writer, poet, and activist. She wrote the critically acc