【2017年整理】语法专项训练(十五).pptVIP

语法专项训练(十五)——状语从句; 状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作 用的从句, 修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等, 可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方 式、条件等. 引导状语从句的连词叫从属连词.; 状语从句的位置可在句首, 也可在句末. 放在句首时, 从句后面常用逗号与主句隔开；放在句末时, 从句前面往往不用逗号. ;考点一　时间状语从句 1．普通类从属连词 引导时间状语从句的普通类从属连 词有when(当……时), while(在…… 期间), as (当……, 一边……一边……), before(在……之前), after(在……之后), since(从……以来), ;till/until(直到), whenever(无论何时), as soon as (一……就)等. When I went into the classroom, he was reading. 当我走进教室时, 他正在看书. Once time is gone, you will never get it back. 时光一去不复返. ;【注意】　 在时间状语从句中, 不能用一般将来时、??去将来时或将来完成时, 而要用相应的一般现在时、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替. I’ll telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到达那里就给你打电话. ;Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 等车停稳后再下车. 2．含time的短语 可引导时间状语从句的time短语有every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time等. ;Every time I listen to music, I’ll think of it. 每当我听音乐, 我就想起这事. 3．表示“一……就……” 除as soon as外, 还有三类: 名词型——the moment, the minute, the second, the instant；;副词型——immediately, directly, instantly；句式型——no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when.... The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一看到他, 就知道没有希望了. ;【注意】　 如果hardly, scarcely或no sooner置于句首, 句子必须用倒装结构. Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. 我一到家就下雨. ;4．对before从句的理解 before的本意为“在……之前”, 根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就……, 趁着还没……就……, 不知不觉就……, ……才……”等. ;Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还没来得及插话, 他就给我量好了尺寸. Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. 时间过得飞快, 她不知不觉就度过了三个月. ;5．对since从句的理解 since 从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词, 表示“从这个动作开始以来”. since 从句的时态若是一般过去时, 主句的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时. ;I’ve been feeling down since I lost my job. 自从失去工作后, 我的情绪一直低落. I have made great progress since I was ill. 我自从病愈以来取得了很大进步. ;考点二　地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的从属连词有where(在……的地方)和wherever(在……的任何地方)等. Where I live there are plenty of trees.我住的地方树很多. ;考点三　原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because (因为), as(由于), since(既然), now(that)(既然), when(既然), seeing (that) (由于, 鉴于), considering(that) (考虑到), given(that)(考虑到)等. I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢. ;考点四　目的状语从句