虚拟语气pp-t.pptVIP

Subjunctive Mood;;形式; Ⅰ if条件句的虚拟语气 if的非真实条件从句对现在,过去,将来的事实进行虚拟时,主句和if从 句的谓语动词形式如下: 1.与现在事实相反时,其表现形式为:if主语+v-ed,主语+would(或might, Could,should)+v. Eg: If we left now,we should arrive in good time. If I were you,I would refuse the money. 2. 与将来事实相反时,其表现形式为: if主语+should(或were to)v.,主语+Would(或might,could,should)+v. Eg: If you dropped the glass,it would break. If you leaved there for a while,you’d change your mind about that place. 与过去事实相反时,其表现形式为:if主语+had v-ed,主语+would(或 Might,could,should)+have v-ed. Eg: We would have dropped by if we had had time. I wouldn’t have known what these were for if I hadn’t been told. ;;;;;(3)表语从句或同位语从句 在advice,command,demand,desire,idea, motion,order,plan等名词作主语的表语 从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用should be型或be型虚拟式。 Eg :The doctor’s advice is that the patient should be kept quiet. He rejected my advice that he should meet my son. 在as if 引导的表示虚拟的表语从句中，谓语动词用were型虚拟式表示对现在情况的假设，用 had been型虚拟式表示对过去情况的假设。 Eg :You look as if you had a toothache. 如果说话人所表示的不是假设的情况，而是一种可能的事实，as if引导的表语从句中的谓语动词使用陈述语气。 Eg :It looks as if it is going to rain. 在主句的谓语动词为过去时的情况下，往往无法从语法形式上辨别表语从句的谓语动词是虚拟还是陈述语气，因为此时两者的形式是相同的。 Eg:She looked as if she had had some bad news;Ⅱ 虚拟语气在wish后从句中的应用 动词wish后所跟的宾语从句表示实现可能性极小或与事实相反的情 况,从句用虚拟语气. (1)表示与现在情况相反的愿望时,句式为:主语+wish+(that)+宾语从句 (谓语动词用一般过去时) Eg :I wish I were a bird. I wish I could change my job. (2)表示与过去情况相反的愿望时,句式为:主语+wish+(that)宾语从句 (谓语动词用过去完成时/could+现在完成时) Eg :I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it. (3)表示对将来发生的事情表示希望,祝愿等时,句式为:主语+wish+宾 语从句(谓???动词用would/could/might+动词原形) Eg :I wish I could see you later. I wish he might try again. (4)除了wish以外,had rather,would rather,would as soon,would sooner, would prefer等动词也要求这样用. Eg :I had rather you had been there. I’d prefer he didn’t stay there long.;;;Ⅶ 虚拟式动词原形用于独立句中 虚拟语气用于表示祝愿,诅咒等意义的公式化的句子中,谓语动词为be 虚拟式. Eg :Long live our motherland. God bless you. The devil take you. So be it then. ; 1.“How should the city