乙烯与高锰酸钾吩诖应.pptVIP

植物生长的调节剂 水果的催熟剂 重要的化工原料 * * Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 在海上开采石油 煤 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 思考： 公路旁边的加油站里有不同型号的汽油和柴油。你知道它们是怎样用石油得到的吗？以石油为原料还能制得哪些物质？它们有什么性质和用途？ Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. （1）石油的组成 （2）石油的炼制 A、石油的分馏 B、石油的裂化 C、石油的裂解 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 催化剂 在一定条件下（加热或使用催化剂并加热），把相对分子质量大、沸点高的烃断裂为相对分子质量较小、沸点较低的烃。这种方法叫做石油的裂化。 C16H34 C8H18+C8H16 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 在石油化工生活中，采用更高的温度（700~10000C以上），使石油分馏产品（包括石油气）中长链烃断裂成乙烯、丙烯等小分子烃的加工过程。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 乙烯的重要性: 乙烯是石油化工的重要产物之一，它的产量已作为一个国家石油化工发展水平的标志。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 无色、稍有气味的气体，难溶于水，标准状况下的密度为1.23g/L Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 乙烯分子中碳碳双键(C=C)的键能（615KJ/mol)比两个单键(C-C)的键能(348KJ/mol)要小，因此乙烯分子中的碳碳双键里的一个键容易断裂。所以，乙烯的化学性质比较活泼。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. [实验1]点燃纯净的乙烯，观察燃烧时火焰的亮度和颜色 实验现象： 明亮火焰并伴黒烟 实验结论： Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. [实验2]将乙烯通入盛有酸性KMnO4溶液的