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各章习题及答案 第一章 绪论1 .举例说明什么是测控？ (1) 测控例子： （2）结论： 2. 测控技术的任务是什么？ 答：测控技术的任务主要有: ??? 通过模型试验或现场实测，提高产品质量； ??? 通过测控，进行设备强度校验，提高产量和质量； ??? 监测环境振动和噪声，找振源，以便采取减振、防噪措施； ??? 通过测控，发现新的定律、公式等； ??? 通过测控和数据采集，实现对设备的状态监测、质量控制和故障诊断。 3. 以方框图的形式说明测控系统的组成，简述主要部分的作用。 ?? 测控系统方框图如下： 2）各部分的作用如下： ???????? 传感器是将被测信息转换成某种电信号的器件； ???????? 信号的调理是把来自传感器的信号转换成适合传输和处理的形式； ???????? 信号处理环节可对来自信号调理环节的信号，进行各种运算、滤波和分析； ???????? 信号显示、记录环节将来自信号处理环节的信号显示或存贮。 ???? A/D）转换和数模（D/A 4.测控技术的发展动向是什么? ??? 传感器向新型、微型、智能型方向发展； ? 测控仪器向高精度、多功能、小型化、在线监测、性能标准化和低价格发展； 参数测量与数据处理向计算机为核心发展； 5. A precise optional signal source can control the output power level to within 1%. A laser is controlled by an input current to yield the power output. A microprocessor controls the input current to the laser. The microprocessor compares the desired power level with a measured signal proportional to the laser power output obtained from a sensor. Complete the block diagram representing this closed-loop control system shown in Fig E1.1, identifying the output, input, and measured variables and the control device. 答： 6. many luxury automobiles have thermostatically controlled air-conditioning system（恒温空调系统） for the comfort of the passengers. Sketch a block diagram of an air-condition temperature on a dashboard panel（仪表盘）. Identify the function of each element of the thermostatically controlled cooling system. 答： 7. In the past, control systems used a human operator as part of a closed-loop control system. Sketch the block diagram of the valve control system shown in Fig. P1.2. 答： 8. The student-teacher learning process is inherently a feedback process intended to reduce the system error back model of the learning process and identify each block of the system. 答： 9. Automatic control of water level using a float level was used in the Middle East for a water clock. The water clock was used from sometime before Christ until the seventeenth century. Discuss the operation of the water clock, and establish