胸腔积液诊断与治疗幻灯片1.pptVIP

* Malignant Pleural Effusions(2) When there is a large or complete opacification of the hemithorax without contralateral shift or ipsilateral shift, lung cancer is the most likely cause, usually squamous cell carcinoma involving the mainstem bronchus; other diagnoses : a fixed mediastinum from malignant lymph nodes, malignant mesothelioma, and parenchymal tumor invasion. * Malignant Pleural Effusions(3) Bilateral effusions with a normal heart size malignancy (50%) The other 50% transudative effusions: hepatic hydrothorax, nephrotic syndrome, severe hypoalbuminemia, and constrictive peric