国际救灾法一个正在形成的国际法律部门.pdfVIP

科学·经济·社会 Vol. 30 , Sum No. 126 第30 卷总第126 期 2012 年第1 期 SCIENCE . ECONOMY . SOCIETY No.l , 2012 国际救灾法:一个正在形成的国际法律部门 姜世波 (山东大学威海分校法学院，山东威海 264209) 摘 要:国际灾害援助规范虽然不是新近才有的事物，但近些年来重大灾害频发，国际援助规模的扩大和媒体对灾 害反应的关注使国际救灾中的协作、灾民的生存状态问题凸显出来。国际社会开始为解决这些问题建立法律机制 作出努力，并取得了诸多成果，昭示着一个国际教灾法部门的产生。关于该部门的调整对象，国际法文件对灾害 往往采用广义定义的方法以便利国际援助的扩大;救灾规范也涵盖到灾前准备和灾后恢复重建阶段。国际救灾法 已经形成了一个包括诸多公约、决议和声明、谅解备忘录、行动守则、指南和标准等在内的法律框架，虽然这些规范 还缺乏综合性、融贯性。国际救灾法的发展也促进了对这一法律部门研究的兴起。 关键词:国际救灾法;灾民保护;国际红十字会和红新月会联合会;国内流离失所者 中图分类号:D994 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1∞6 -2815(2012)01 -0121 -06 The Regulating Object and Sources of International Disaster Response Law: A Forming International Legal Subject JIANG Shi - bo (Law School , Shandong University at Weihai , Weihai 264209 , China) Abstract :Although the norms of intemational disaster assistance are not new things , but become prominent in recent years with the frequency of major disasters , the expansion of intemational aid to disaster response , and more media aUention in the international disaster relief cooperation to the deteriorative living condition. The intemational community began to estab- lish legal mechanisms to make efforts to addtess these issues and achieved many results , and shows a generation of intema- tional disaster response law. In order to extend the range of intemational aid , the te口n disaster in intemational legal doc- uments is often broad defined , also covers the pre - disaster preparedness and recoveηafter the disaster. Intemational dis- aster response law has been formed a legal framework that