2016年专四考前必看语法知识︰形容词副词.doc

2016年专四考前必看语法知识：形容词副词Adj. Adv. 形容词和副词 　　修饰词的词序 　　“限定词+形容词+名词”词组中限定词+形容词的排列顺序。 　　限定词 + 一般描述性形容词 + 表示大小、形状的形容词 + 表示年龄、新旧的形容词 + 表示颜色的形容词 + 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词 + 表示物质材料的形容词 + 表示用途、类别的形容词或名词 　　Examples 　　When she got her first month salary, Diana boughtherself ___ dress. 　　A. a cotton, blue expensive 　　B. a blue, expensive cotton 　　C. an expensive blue, cotton 　　D. a cotton, expensive blue 　　1. 用连字号构成的形容词中的名词一般不用复数形式。 　　A three-day journey=a three daysjourney 　　A two-hour meeting=a two hours meeting 　　2. Daily, weekly, yearly, monthly等一些以ly结尾的词即可以是形容词也可是副词。 　　A daily newspaper 　　Go to visit a place weekly 　　Yearly production (annual) 　　Change yearly 　　At a monthly interval 　　Go to see a doctor/ a dentist monthly 　　3. fast、long、well、enough等一些形容词本身也可以做副词用，不能再加ly。 　　The train is fast. 　　The train runs fast. 　　There is enough water. 　　He is old enough to go to school. 　　late, lately; hard, hardly 　　有些形容词加ly后意义不同，发生变化(late, lately; hard, hardly等)。 　　Sorry I am late. 　　I havent seen him lately. 　　It is hard to predict what will happen in the future. 　　If you work hard, chances are that you will achieve success in your career. 　　It is hardly too much to say that we benefit from doing some part-time jobs. 　　表语形容词 　　有些形容词只能做表语。(如表健康的ill、well和以前缀a开头的形容词alone, awake, aware, astir, ashore,asleep, alike, alive) 　　Are you aware that you are heading for danger? 　　My mother was still awake when I came back. 　　I am liable to fall asleep during boring lectures. 　　过去分词用much修饰 　　过去分词充当的形容词用much修饰/与very+adj的区别。 　　He was much respected. 　　The story was very funny. 　　I was much excited. 　　It is very interesting. 　　too…to的含义 　　too ... to 表否定含义 　　It was too cold for us to go shopping. 　　(= It was so cold that we couldnt...) 　　(all/ only) too…to 表示肯定意义 　　Hes only too pleased to help us. 非常愿意/高兴帮助我们。 　　I shall be only too happy to go with you there. 我将非常高兴和你一同前往。