论可持续发展观与环境立法的完善.doc

论可持续发展观与环境立法的完善 摘　 要 当前，环境污染日趋严重，如何加强环境保护，保持地球的可持续发展，是需要全人类共同思考的问题。环境法作为保护和改善环境最为有效的手段之一，正日益受到世界各国的普遍重视，并“成为第二次世界大战以来发展最快的新兴法律部门之一”。20世纪以来，人口的急剧增加，经济的迅速发展所带来的压力超过我们赖以生存的资源基础所承载的极限，自然资源迅速耗减甚至枯竭。在如何解决环境保护这一问题上人们提出了可持续发展战略。可持续发展观的出现将环境法推入“可持续发展时期的环境法”新的历史新阶段，成为当前环境法最明显的标志，并逐渐成为环境法学的一种重要理论和环境法的指导思想。我国水土流失、土地沙化、盐渍化进一步加剧，然而，由于我国环境法制建设和环境研究起步较晚，环境法在贯彻可持续发展方面还存在很多的问题，面临很大的挑战。因此在可持续发展的科学发展观下审视我国环境立法中存在的思想症结并找到解开症结的出路成为当前迫切的需要。为此，本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上，以当前我国环境法的现状为基础，探究其不足，并针对性提出了完善对策，如立法目的应当体现可持续发展伦理观，构建符合中国特色立法思想，体现生态有限、多元价值衡量的立法倾向，以“预防在先”为立法重心，为深化可持续发展提出切实可行的方案。 【关键词】 可持续发展 环境法 完善 Abstract Presently, the environmental pollution is day by day serious, how to strengthen the environmental protection, maintains Earths sustainable development, needs the question which the universe pondered together. The environment law takes the protection and environmental enhancement most effective methods one, is receiving day by day various countries universal recognition, since and “has become the Second World War to develop one of quickest emerging Legal departments”. Since the 20th century, population sharp growth, the economical rapidly expand has brought the pressure surpasses our livelihood resource base load bearing the limit, the natural resource rapid depletion even dries up. How to solve in environmental protection this problem，the people to propose the sustainable development. The sustainable development concepts appearance thrusts the environment law “the sustainable development time environment law” the new historical new stage, becomes the current environment law most obvious symbol, and becomes the environmental law gradually one kind of important theory and the environment method guiding principle. , our country soil erosion, the land contract period, the salinization further intensify, however, because our country environment legislative work and the environmental research start are late, the environment law is implementing the sustainable development aspect also to have