工商自由裁量权及控制.doc

试论工商行政处罚自由裁量权及其控制方式 学科专业:.法律 研究方向:法学 【摘要】： “行政自由裁量权是现代行政权的核心问题”。作为肩负市场监管和行政执法职责的工商行政管理部门,法律法规赋予了大量的行政处罚自由裁量权,面对经济现象复杂化、市场主体多元化等实际情况,如何防止自由裁量权被滥用、如何控制行政自由裁量权的行使已成为工商行政管理部门在加强法制建设、规范行政执法行为中亟待研究和解决的重要课题。本文分三个部分就工商行政处罚自由裁量权及其控制方式进行研究探讨。第一部分,借鉴行政法基本理论,就工商行政处罚自由裁量权的概念、特征、行使原则、表现形式以及其存在必要性等基本问题予以阐述,对工商行政处罚自由裁量权的基础理论进行研究。第二部分,实事求是地就当前工商行政管理部门在行使行政处罚自由裁量权中存在的主要问题及成因进行客观分析。第三部分,深入探讨在工商行政管理部门内部如何建立和实现自我约束机制,并遵循公平与效率的原则,提出对工商行政处罚自由裁量权进行实体性、程序性、行政管理等三种内部控制方式,以期有利于工商行政管理部门正确、合理、公正而有效地执法,切实保障行政相对人的合法权益,促进工商行政管理法制建设,保障社会主义市场经济又好又快健康发展。 【关键词】：工商行政处罚自由裁量权实体性控制程序性控制行政管理控制  第一章工商行政处罚自由裁量权基本问题探讨································…(1) 第一节工商行政处罚自由裁量权的概念、特征···················…·············…(l) 一、工商行政处罚自由裁量权的概念·············································(1) 二、工商行政处罚自由裁量权的特征···························· ·········……(2) 第二节工商行政处罚自由裁量权的主要表现形式······························……(4) 一、对事实要件认定的自由裁量权······································……:……(4) 二、判定违法情节轻重的自由裁量权·······························，···········…(4) 三、选择行为方式和行为时限的自由裁量权···································……(5) 四、选择处罚种类和幅度的自由裁量权·······································……(5) 第三节工商行政处罚自由裁量权存在的必要性··································…(6) 一、社会主义市场经济初期社会经济生活复杂性、多样性的需要·················……(7) 二、弥补市场监管立法局限性的需要·········································……(7) 三、市场主体组织形式多元化的需要·········································……(8) 四、市场监管领域广泛性的需要·············································……(8) 五、提高工商行政执法效能，实现有效行政和个体正义的需要··················……(9) 第四节行使工商行政处罚自由裁量权的基本原则······························…(10) 一、公共利益至上的原则························，·························……(10) 二、比例原则····························································……(10) 三、平等原则····························································……(11) 四、行政诚信原则·························································……(n) 五、正当程序原则··························································…(12) 第二章工商行政处罚自由裁量权现状分析···································· …(13) 第一节工商行政处罚自由裁量失控导致的主要问题······，······················…(13