现在完成进行-时讲解及练习.doc

9.现在完成进行时 1 定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。 2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成 3 现在完成进行时的基本句型 肯定式 I/We have been working. 疑问式 Have you been working？ 简略回答 Yes，I/we have. No，I/we havent. 肯定式 He/She/It has been working. 疑问式 Has he/she/it been working？ 简略回答 Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasnt. 4 现在完成时的用法 在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如：Ive been reading this book for two hours，but I havent finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。 Ive read this book.我已读完这本书了。 2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。 3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。 Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。 5 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较： Weve been living here for ten years. Weve lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。 2）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如： The students have been preparing for the exam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。 The students have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。 3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如： Theyve known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。 过去完成进行时用法详解 一、结构形式 过去完成进行时由“had been+现在分词”构成，因此无人称变化。 二、用法归纳 ■过去完成进行时表示持续到过去某时的一个动作(可算是现在完成进行时的过去式)： The ground was wet. It had been raining. 地是湿的。此前一直在下雨。 At last the bus came. I had been waiting for half an hour. 最后公共汽车来了，我已等了半小时。 She was out of breath. She had been running. 她气喘吁吁，她一直在跑来着。 He gave up smoking last year. He’d been smoking for twenty years. 去年他戒烟了。他抽烟已经二十年。 ■过去时间可用一个时间状语表示： When I first met her, she had been working in the company for ten years. 我第一次见到她时，她在那家公司已工作十年了。 I had not been waiting long when a taxi drew up. 我没等多久就来了一辆出租车。 She had been looking at the parcel for some time before she realized that it was for her mother. 这包裹她看了好一会儿才明白这是寄给她妈的。 Until/Up till then she had been living with her daughter. 到那时为止她一直和她女儿一起住。 ■但在更多情况下过去时间由另一句子表示出来，毋需加上时间状语： Her eyes were red. It was obvious she had been crying. 她眼睛红红的，显然她是哭了。 Jane was annoyed. Peter had been phoning her