高考英语语法专题讲练测定语从句.doc

2011届高考英语专题讲练测讲义集：（教师版）专题8 定语从句 一、【专项直击】 【考情分析】 高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。 【知识要点】 定语从句 （一）基本概念 1.由一个，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 2关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。 分类 指代 引导词代词who 人 The man who helped you is Mr White. 在定从中作主语whom That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see. 在定从中作宾语，可省略whose He is the father whose son studies very well in our class. 在定从中作that I′m not the fool that you thought me to be. 在定从中作表语He is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with. 在定从中作宾语 thatThe only thing that we can do is to give you some advice. 在定从中作宾语which A dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words 在定从中作主语whose He lives in a room whose window faces south 在定从中作It is such a big stone as nobody can lift. 在定从中作宾语 As is known to all, he is the best student. 在定从中作when 时间Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk? 在定从中作where 地点The house where they live is not very large. 在定从中作why 原因This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting. 在定从中作定语从句的注意点that与which, who, whom的用法区别 情 况 用法说明 例 句 只用that的情况 ①先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时 ②先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时 ③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 ④先行词既指人又指物时 ⑤先行词被the only, the very修饰时 ⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 ①He told me everything that he knows. ②All the books that you offered has been given out. ③This is the best film that I have ever read. ④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. ⑤He is the only man that I want to see. ⑥Who is the man that is making a speech? 只用which, who, whom的情况 ①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人 ②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。 ③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。 ①He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. ②I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. ③Those who respect others are usually respected by others. 只用t