2016届英语译林牛津版必修二Unit3 Amazing people Grammar课件(共55张PPT).pptVIP

主语 + had + 过去分词 (肯定式) 主语 + had + not + 过去分词 (否定式) Had + 主语 + 过去分词 (疑问式) 主语 + had been+ 过去分词 (被动语态) e.g. We had not heard from him since we left here. 自从我们离开以来一直没有收到他的来信。 1. 在 told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词后的宾语从句。 e.g. She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。 2. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 e.g. When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早跑了。 4. 在by, by the end, by the time, until, before, since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句。 e.g. By the end of last year, we had produced 20, 000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. 典型考题 The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.　 A. had written, left　 B. were writing, has left　 C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left into sea. Finally, we found the ship .’ With his cameras, he was able to find the hole along the side of the ship which (10) ___________ (cause) it to fill with water and sink. had caused The present perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event which relates to the present time. The past perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event. Present perfect or past perfect? Cai Lun is a famous Chinese inventor, known for inventing paper. Cai invented paper in AD 105, but (1) ____________ many times at first. Before his invention worked, Cai (2) ___________ many different parts of trees and plants to make The inventor of paper hear try catch fail show had failed had tried paper --- even old fishing nets! After Cai invented paper, people all over China used it. At that time, however, no one (3) ___________ of Cai or paper in the West. Paper was spread to the West through the Arabs, who learnt how to make paper in AD 751. They (4) ____________ several Chinese paper makers during a war, had heard had caught who then told them about Cai’s inve