A Potential Spatial Working Memory Training Task to Improve Both Episodic Memory and Fluid Intelligence 英文参考文献.docVIP

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A Potential Spatial Working Memory Training Task to Improve Both Episodic Memory and Fluid Intelligence 英文参考文献.doc

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A Potential Spatial Working Memory Training Task to Improve Both Episodic Memory and Fluid Intelligence 英文参考文献

APotentialSpatialWorkingMemoryTrainingTaskto ImproveBothEpisodicMemoryandFluidIntelligence SarahR.Rudebeck1,DanielBor2,3,AngharadOrmond1,JillX.O’Reilly4,AndyC.H.Lee1,5,6* 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, UnitedKingdom,3DepartmentofInformatics,UniversityofSussex,Brighton,UnitedKingdom,4OxfordFunctionalMagneticResonanceImagingoftheBrainCentre, UniversityofOxford,Oxford,UnitedKingdom,5DepartmentofPsychology(Scarborough),UniversityofToronto,Toronto,Ontario,Canada,6RotmanResearchInstitute, BaycrestCentreforGeriatricCare,Toronto,Ontario,Canada Abstract Onecurrentchallengeincognitivetrainingistocreateatrainingregimethatbenefitsmultiplecognitivedomains,including episodicmemory,withoutrelyingonalargebatteryoftasks,whichcanbetime-consuminganddifficulttolearn.Bygiving careful consideration to the neural correlates underlying episodic and working memory, we devised a computerized workingmemorytrainingtaskinwhichneurologicallyhealthyparticipantswererequiredtomonitoranddetectrepetitions in two streams of spatial information (spatial location and scene identity) presented simultaneously (i.e. a dual n-back paradigm). Participants’ episodic memory abilities were assessed before and after training using two object and scene recognitionmemorytasksincorporatingmemoryconfidencejudgments.Furthermore,todeterminethegeneralizabilityof the effects of training, we also assessed fluid intelligence using a matrix reasoning task. By examining the difference between pre- and post-training performance (i.e. gain scores), we found that the trainers, compared to non-trainers, exhibited a significant improvement in fluid intelligence after 20 days. Interestingly, pre-training fluid intelligence performance,butnottrainingtaskimprovement,wasasignificantpredictorofpost-trainingfluidintelligenceimprovement, with lower pre-training fluid intelligence associated with greater po