Acute Stress Increases Sex Differences in Risk Seeking in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Acute Stress Increases Sex Differences in Risk Seeking in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task 英文参考文献.doc

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Acute Stress Increases Sex Differences in Risk Seeking in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task 英文参考文献

AcuteStressIncreasesSexDifferencesinRiskSeekingin theBalloonAnalogueRiskTask NicholeR.Lighthall*,MaraMather,MarissaA.Gorlick DavisSchoolofGerontology,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia,LosAngeles,California,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:Decisionsinvolvingriskoftenmustbemadeunderstressfulcircumstances.Researchonbehavioralandbrain differencesinstressresponsessuggestthatstressmighthavedifferenteffectsonrisktakinginmalesandfemales. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Inthisstudy,participantsplayedacomputergamedesignedtomeasurerisktaking(the BalloonAnalogueRiskTask)fifteenminutesaftercompletingastresschallengeorcontroltask.Stressincreasedrisktaking amongmenbutdecreaseditamongwomen. Conclusions/Significance:Acutestressamplifiessexdifferencesinriskseeking;makingwomenmoreriskavoidantandmen moreriskseeking.Evolutionaryprinciplesmayexplainthesestress-inducedsexdifferencesinrisktakingbehavior. Citation:LighthallNR,MatherM,GorlickMA(2009)AcuteStressIncreasesSexDifferencesinRiskSeekingintheBalloonAnalogueRiskTask.PLoSONE4(7): e6002.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006002 Editor:AlessandroBartolomucci,UniversityofParma,Italy ReceivedNovember9,2008;AcceptedMay28,2009;PublishedJuly1,2009 Copyright: ? 2009 Lighthall et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding:FundingforthesestudieswasprovidedbyNIAgrantR21AG030758andNIAtraininggrantT32AG000037-31.Thefundershadnoroleinstudydesign, datacollectionandanalysis,decisiontopublish,orpreparationofthemanuscript. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:nichole.lighthall@ Introduction makeriskierinvestmentdecisions[15,16,17],havehigherratesof alcohol abuse and dependence [18], and are more likely to die from violent deaths such as motor vehicle accidents [19]. These real-worlddifferencesinbehaviormaystemfromsexdifference