Aerosol Chemistry over a High Altitude Station at Northeastern Himalayas, India 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Aerosol Chemistry over a High Altitude Station at Northeastern Himalayas, India 英文参考文献.doc

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Aerosol Chemistry over a High Altitude Station at Northeastern Himalayas, India 英文参考文献

AerosolChemistryoveraHighAltitudeStationat NortheasternHimalayas,India AbhijitChatterjee1,AnandamayAdak1,AjayK.Singh2,ManojK.Srivastava3,SanjayK.Ghosh2,4 ,Suresh Tiwari5,PanugantiC.S.Devara6,SibajiRaha1,2,4* 1Environmental Sciences Section, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India, 2Center for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science, Bose Institute, Kolkata and Darjeeling, India, 3DepartmentofGeophysics,BanarasHinduUniversity,Varanasi,India,4DepartmentofPhysics,BoseInstitute,Kolkata,India,5IndianInstituteofTropicalMeteorology, NewDelhi,India,6IndianInstituteofTropicalMeteorology,Pune,India Abstract Background: There is an urgent need for an improved understanding of the sources, distributions and properties of atmosphericaerosolinordertocontroltheatmosphericpollutionovernortheasternHimalayaswhererisinganthropogenic interferencesfromrapidurbanizationanddevelopmentisbecominganincreasingconcern. Methodology/Principal Findings: An extensive aerosol sampling program was conducted in Darjeeling (altitude ,2200meter above sea level (masl), latitude 27u019N and longitude 88u159E), a high altitude station in northeastern Himalayas,duringJanuary–December2005.Sampleswerecollectedusingarespirabledustsamplerandafinedustsampler simultaneously. Ion chromatograph was used to analyze the water soluble ionic species of aerosol. The average concentrationsoffineandcoarsemodeaerosolwerefoundtobe29.5620.8mgm23and19.6611.1mgm23 respectively. Finemodeaerosoldominatedduringdryseasonsandcoarsemodeaerosoldominatedduringmonsoon.Nitrateexistedas NH4NO3 in fine mode aerosol during winter and as NaNO3 in coarse mode aerosol during monsoon. Gas phase photochemicaloxidationofSO2duringpremonsoonandaqueousphaseoxidationduringwinterandpostmonsoonwere themajorpathwaysfortheformationofSO422intheatmosphere.Longrangetransportofdustaerosolfromaridregionsof westernIndiawasobservedduringpremonsoon.Theacidityoffinemodeaerosolwashigherindryseasonscomparedto monsoonwhereasthecoarsemodeaciditywashigherinmonsooncompared