Ancient Protostome Origin of Chemosensory Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors and the Evolution of Insect Taste and Olfaction 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Ancient Protostome Origin of Chemosensory Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors and the Evolution of Insect Taste and Olfaction 英文参考文献.doc

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Ancient Protostome Origin of Chemosensory Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors and the Evolution of Insect Taste and Olfaction 英文参考文献

AncientProtostomeOriginofChemosensoryIonotropic GlutamateReceptorsandtheEvolutionofInsectTaste andOlfaction VincentCroset1.,RaphaelRytz1.,ScottF.Cummins2¤,AidanBudd3,DavidBrawand1 ,Henrik Kaessmann1,TobyJ.Gibson3,RichardBenton1* 1CenterforIntegrativeGenomics,UniversityofLausanne,Lausanne,Switzerland,2SchoolofBiologicalSciences,TheUniversityofQueensland,St.Lucia,Queensland, Australia,3StructuralandComputationalBiologyUnit,EuropeanMolecularBiologyLaboratory,Heidelberg,Germany Abstract Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are a highly conserved family of ligand-gated ion channels present in animals, plants,andbacteria,whicharebestcharacterizedfortheirrolesinsynapticcommunicationinvertebratenervoussystems.A variantsubfamilyofiGluRs,theIonotropicReceptors(IRs),wasrecentlyidentifiedasanewclassofolfactoryreceptorsinthe fruitfly,Drosophilamelanogaster,hintingatabroaderfunctionofthisionchannelfamilyindetectionofenvironmental,as wellasintercellular,chemicalsignals.Here,weinvestigatetheoriginandevolutionofIRsbycomprehensiveevolutionary genomicsandinsituexpressionanalysis.Inmarkedcontrasttotheinsect-specificOdorantReceptorfamily,weshowthat IRs are expressed in olfactory organs across Protostomia—a major branch of the animal kingdom that encompasses arthropods, nematodes, and molluscs—indicating that they represent an ancestral protostome chemosensory receptor family.TwosubfamiliesofIRsaredistinguished:conserved ‘‘antennalIRs,’’whichlikelydefinethefirstolfactoryreceptor family of insects, and species-specific ‘‘divergent IRs,’’ which are expressed in peripheral and internal gustatory neurons, implicatingthisfamilyintasteandfoodassessment.ComparativeanalysisofdrosophilidIRsrevealstheselectiveforcesthat haveshapedtherepertoiresinflieswithdistinctchemosensorypreferences.ExaminationofIRgenestructureandgenomic distributionsuggestsbothnon-allelichomologousrecombinationandretropositioncontributedtotheexpansionofthis multigenefamily.Together,thesefindingslayafoundationforfuncti