Associations between Active Trachoma and Community Intervention with Antibiotics, Facial Cleanliness, and Environmental Improvement (A,F,E) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Associations between Active Trachoma and Community Intervention with Antibiotics, Facial Cleanliness, and Environmental Improvement (A,F,E) 英文参考文献.doc

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Associations between Active Trachoma and Community Intervention with Antibiotics, Facial Cleanliness, and Environmental Improvement (A,F,E) 英文参考文献

AssociationsbetweenActiveTrachomaandCommunity InterventionwithAntibiotics,FacialCleanliness,and EnvironmentalImprovement(A,F,E) JeremiahNgondi1*,FionaMatthews2,MarkReacher1,3,SamsonBaba4,CarolBrayne1,PaulEmerson5 1DepartmentofPublicHealthandPrimaryCare,InstituteofPublicHealth,UniversityofCambridge,Cambridge,UnitedKingdom,2MRCBiostatisticsUnit,Instituteof Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Health Protection Agency, East of England Regional Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom,4MinistryofHealth,GovernmentofSouthernSudan,Juba,Sudan,5TheCarterCenter,Atlanta,Georgia,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background: Surgery, Antibiotics,FacialcleanlinessandEnvironmentalimprovement(SAFE)areadvocatedbytheWorld HealthOrganization(WHO)fortrachomacontrol.However,fewstudieshaveevaluatedthecompleteSAFEstrategy,andof these, none have investigated the associations of Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental improvement (A,F,E) interventionsandactivetrachoma.WeaimedtoinvestigateassociationsbetweenactivetrachomaandA,F,Einterventions incommunitiesinSouthernSudan. Methods and Findings: Surveys were undertaken in four districts after 3years of implementation of the SAFE strategy. Childrenaged1–9yearswereexaminedfortrachomaanduptakeofSAFEassessedthroughinterviewsandobservations. Using ordinal logistic regression, associations between signs of active trachoma and A,F,E interventions were explored. Trachomatousinflammation-intense(TI)wasconsideredmoreseverethantrachomatousinflammation-follicular(TF).Atotal of1,712childrenfrom25clusters(villages)wereincludedintheanalysis.OveralluptakeofA,F,Einterventionswas:53.0%of theeligiblechildrenhadreceivedatleastonetreatmentwithazithromycin;62.4%childrenhadacleanfaceonexamination; 72.5% households reported washing faces of children two or more times a day; 73.1% households had received health education;44.4%ofhouseholdshadwateraccessiblewithin30minutes;and6.3%householdshadpitlatrines.Adjustingfor age,sex