Base-Pairing Versatility Determines Wobble Sites in tRNA Anticodons of Vertebrate Mitogenomes 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Base-Pairing Versatility Determines Wobble Sites in tRNA Anticodons of Vertebrate Mitogenomes 英文参考文献.doc

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Base-Pairing Versatility Determines Wobble Sites in tRNA Anticodons of Vertebrate Mitogenomes 英文参考文献

Base-PairingVersatilityDeterminesWobbleSitesintRNA AnticodonsofVertebrateMitogenomes MiguelM.Fonseca1,2*,SaraRocha1,2,DavidPosada1,2 1CIBIO,ResearchCenterinBiodiversityandGeneticResources,UniversityofPorto,Porto,Portugal,2DepartmentofBiochemistry,GeneticsandImmunology,University ofVigo,Vigo,Spain Abstract Background:VertebratemitochondrialgenomestypicallyhaveonetransferRNA(tRNA)foreachsynonymouscodonfamily. Thislimitedanticodonrepertoire impliesthateachtRNAanticodonneedstowobble(establishanon-Watson-Crickbase pairingbetweentwonucleotidesinRNAmolecules)torecognizeoneormoresynonymouscodons.Differenthypotheses have been proposed to explain the factors that determine the nucleotide composition of wobble sites in vertebrate mitochondrialtRNAanticodons.Untilnow,thetwomajorpostulates–the‘‘codon-anticodonadaptationhypothesis’’and the ‘‘wobble versatility hypothesis’’ – have not been formally tested in vertebrate mitochondria because both make the samepredictionsregardingthecompositionofanticodonwobblesites.Thesameistrueforthemorerecent‘‘wobblecost hypothesis’’. PrincipalFindings:InthisstudywehaveanalyzedtheoccurrenceofsynonymouscodonsandtRNAanticodonwobblesites in1553completevertebratemitochondrialgenomes,focusingonthreefishspecieswithmtDNAcodonusagebiasreversal (L-strand is GT-rich). These mitogenomes constitute an excellent opportunity to study the evolution of the wobble nucleotide composition of tRNA anticodons because due to the reversal the predictions for the anticodon wobble sites differbetweentheexistinghypotheses.WeobservedthatnoneofthewobblesitesoftRNAanticodonsintheseunusual mitochondrialgenomescoevolvedtomatchthenewoverallcodonusagebias,suggestingthatnucleotidesatthewobble sitesoftRNAanticodonsinvertebratemitochondrialgenomesaredeterminedbywobbleversatility. Conclusions/Significance: Our results suggest that, at wobble sites of tRNA anticodons in vertebrate mitogenomes, selectionfavorsthemostversatilenucleotideintermsofwobblebase-pairingstabilityandthatwobbl