Bioethical Implications of Globalization An International Consortium Project of the European Commission 英文参考文献.docVIP

loicPy Forum Bioethical Implications of Globalization: An International Consortium Project of the European Commission Thomas E. Novotny*, Emilio Mordini, Ruth Chadwick, J. Martin Pedersen, Fabrizio Fabbri, Reidar Lie, Natapong Thanachaiboot, Elias Mossialos, Govin Permanand T he term “globalization” was popularized by Marshall McLuhan in War and Peace in the Global Village. In the book, McLuhan described how the global media shaped current events surrounding the Vietnam War [1] and also predicted how modern information and communication technologies would accelerate world progress through trade and knowledge development. Globalization now refers to a broad range of issues regarding the movement of goods and services through trade liberalization, and the movement of people through migration. ethical implications of advances in science and technology for health; (3) apply internationally accepted codes of ethics; (4) ensure that agreed standards guide future work on the human genome; and (5) ensure that quality in health systems and services is assessed and promoted. ehBTioethical Implications of Globalization Project The Bioethical Implications of Globalization (BIG) Project is a 42-month dialogue funded by the European Commission that involves a series of expert panel discussions on four speci?c globalization and health subject areas: (1) mobility of people; (2) technological globalization; (3) liberalization of trade; and (4) new global health threats (bioterrorism). In addition, BIG includes a multiple- round Delphi Process (Box 1) to solicit input on these issues from a broad, interdisciplinary audience. Box 1. The Delphi Method Delphi is a group communication technique designed to obtain opinions from a panel of selected experts on speci?c issues through the sending of questionnaires to be completed within a speci?ed time. The experts are contacted individually and they do not know other group participants and their opinions—the aim is to submit the group part