Cell Death and Reproductive Regression in Female Schistosoma mansoni 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Cell Death and Reproductive Regression in Female Schistosoma mansoni 英文参考文献.doc

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Cell Death and Reproductive Regression in Female Schistosoma mansoni 英文参考文献

CellDeathandReproductiveRegressioninFemale Schistosomamansoni SarahE.Galanti1,2¤,StanleyChing-ChengHuang2,3,EdwardJ.Pearce2,3 * 1Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 2Trudeau Institute, SaranacLake,NewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica,3DepartmentofPathologyandImmunology,WashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicine,St.Louis,Missouri,United StatesofAmerica Abstract Thevitellariumisahighlyproliferativeorgan,producingcellswhichareincorporatedalongwithafertilizedovumintothe schistosomeegg.Vitellarialgrowthfailstooccurinvirginfemaleschistosomesinsinglesex(female-only)infections,and involution of this tissue, which is accompanied by physical shrinkage of the entire worm, occurs when mature females sexually regress upon removal from their male partners. We have found that upon removal from their hosts into tissue culture, female parasites regress whether they are mated or not, but that cessation of egg production and a decline in expressionofthevitellinegenep14isdelayedbymating.WeusedBrdUlabelingtoinvestigatewhethertherewasalossof proliferationinthevittelariumthatmightaccountforregressionandfoundthattheproliferationratedeclinedequallyin paired and singled females once placed into culture. However, TUNEL staining and Caspase 3 activity measurements indicatethatthelossofvitrellarialcellularityassociatedwithregressionisassociatedwithprofoundapoptoticvitellinecell death,whichisnotapparentinthevitellariaofpairedfemalesimmediatelyexvivo,andwhichdevelopsinvitroregardless ofwhethermalesarepresentornot.Furthermore,primordialvitellariainvirginfemaleshaveahighfrequencyofapoptotic cellsbutarecharacterizedbyaproliferationratethatisindistinguishablefromthatinfullydevelopedvitellariainmature paired females. Taken together, our data suggest that the vitelline proliferation rate is independent of pairing status. In contrast, thesurvival of vitellinecells, andtherefore the development of thevitellarium