Discrepant Prevalence and Incidence of Leishmania Infection between Two Neighboring Villages in Central Mali Based on Leishmanin Skin Test Surveys 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Discrepant Prevalence and Incidence of Leishmania Infection between Two Neighboring Villages in Central Mali Based on Leishmanin Skin Test Surveys 英文参考文献.doc

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Discrepant Prevalence and Incidence of Leishmania Infection between Two Neighboring Villages in Central Mali Based on Leishmanin Skin Test Surveys 英文参考文献

DiscrepantPrevalenceandIncidenceofLeishmania InfectionbetweenTwoNeighboringVillagesinCentral MaliBasedonLeishmaninSkinTestSurveys FabianoOliveira1.,SeydouDoumbia2.,JenniferM.Anderson1,OusmaneFaye3,SouleymaneS.Diarra2, PierreTraore′3,MoumineCisse3,GuimbaCamara3,KoureissiTall3,CheickA.Coulibaly2,SibirySamake2, IbrahimSissoko2,BouramaTraore′2,DaoudaDiallo2,SomitaKeita3,RickM.Fairhurst1,JesusG. Valenzuela1,ShadenKamhawi1* 1LaboratoryofMalariaandVectorResearch,NationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases,NationalInstitutesofHealth,Rockville,Maryland,UnitedStatesofAmerica, 2FacultyofMedicine,PharmacyandOdontostomatology,UniversityofBamako,Bamako,Mali,3CentreNationald’Appuia` laLuttecontrelaMaladie,Bamako,Mali Abstract Apartfromasinglereport,thelastpublicationofcutaneousleishmaniasis(CL)inMalidatesbackmorethan20years.The absenceofinformationonthecurrentstatusofCLinMaliledustoconductacohortstudyinKemenaandSougoula,two villages in Central Mali from which cases of CL have been recently diagnosed by Mali’s reference dermatology center in Bamako.InMay2006,wedeterminedthebaselineprevalenceofLeishmaniainfectioninthetwovillagesusingtheleishmanin skintest(LST).LST-negativeindividualswerethenre-testedovertwoconsecutiveyearstoestimatetheannualincidenceof Leishmaniainfection.TheprevalenceofLeishmaniainfectionwassignificantlyhigherinKemenathaninSougoula(45.4%vs. 19.9%;OR:3.36,CI:2.66–4.18).TheannualincidenceofLeishmaniainfectionwasalsosignificantlyhigherinKemena(18.5% and17%for2007and2008,respectively)thaninSougoula(5.7%forbothyears).Thesedatademonstratethattheriskof Leishmaniainfectionwasstableinbothvillagesandconfirmtheinitialobservationofasignificantlyhigherriskofinfectionin Kemena(OR:3.78;CI:2.45–6.18in2007;andOR:3.36;CI:1.95–5.8in2008;P,0.005).TheabsenceofspatialclusteringofLST- positiveindividualsin both villages indicated thattransmission maybeoccurringanywherewithin the villages. Although KemenaandSougoulaareonly5kmapartandshareepidemiologiccharacteristicssuchasst