Differential Performance and Parasitism of Caterpillars on Maize Inbred Lines with Distinctly Different Herbivore-Induced Volatile Emissions 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Differential Performance and Parasitism of Caterpillars on Maize Inbred Lines with Distinctly Different Herbivore-Induced Volatile Emissions 英文参考文献.doc

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Differential Performance and Parasitism of Caterpillars on Maize Inbred Lines with Distinctly Different Herbivore-Induced Volatile Emissions 英文参考文献

DifferentialPerformanceandParasitismofCaterpillars onMaizeInbredLineswithDistinctlyDifferent Herbivore-InducedVolatileEmissions ThomasDegen1,NenadBakalovic1,DavidBergvinson2¤,TedC.J.Turlings1* 1LaboratoryofFundamentalandAppliedResearchinChemicalEcology,InstituteofBiology,UniversityofNeucha?tel, Neucha?tel, Switzerland,2CentroInternationalde MejoramientodeMa?′zyTrigo(CIMMYT),Texcoco,Edo.deMe′xico,Me′xico Abstract Plantvolatilesinducedbyinsectfeedingareknowntoattractnaturalenemiesoftheherbivores.Sixmaizeinbredlinesthat showeddistinctlydifferentpatternsofvolatileemissioninlaboratoryassayswereplantedinrandomizedplotsintheCentral MexicanHighlandstotesttheirabilitytorecruitparasiticwaspsunderfieldconditions.Theplantswereartificiallyinfested withneonatelarvaeofthefallarmywormSpodopterafrugiperda,andtwoofitsmainendoparasitoids,Campoletissonorensis andCotesiamarginiventris,werereleasedintheplots.Volatileswerecollectedfromequallytreatedreferenceplantsinthe neighbourhoodoftheexperimentalfield.Thecumulativeamountof36quantifiedvolatilecompoundsdeterminedforeach linewas in good accordance with findings from thelaboratory; there was analmost 15-fold difference in total emission between the two extreme lines. We found significant differences among the lines with respect to the numbers of armywormsrecoveredfromtheplants,theiraverageweightgainandparasitismrates.Averageweightofthecaterpillars wasnegativelycorrelatedwiththeaveragetotalamountofvolatilesreleasedbythesixinbredlines.However,neithertotal volatileemissionnoranyspecificsinglecompoundwithintheblendcouldexplainthedifferentialparasitismratesamong the lines, with the possible exception of (E)-2-hexenal for Campoletis sonorensis and methyl salicylate for Cotesia marginiventris.Herbivore-inducedplantvolatilesand/orcorrelatesthereofcontributetoreducinginsectdamageofmaize plants through direct plant defence and enhanced attraction of parasitoids, alleged indirect defence. The potential to exploitthesevolatilesforpestcontrol