现在完成时语法讲解教程范本.pptx

the Present Perfect Tense;判断下列句子的时态;比较现在完成时和过去时的区别： *现在完成时所表示的是过去的发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last night, three weeks ago, in 1990。 *一般过去时表示的是过去发生的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系，它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。 I have seen the film.(我了解这部电影的内容。) I saw the film last week.（只说明上星期看了这部电影，不涉及现在的情况。）;现在完成时;句型转换：;1.现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已完成的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have lost my wallet. (含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has just had it. (含义是:简现在不饿了.) Lucy has been ill. (含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) ;2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作和状态,常与表示持续的时间状语连用. 表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。 I haven’t seen her these days. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. ;现在完成时态里不能非延续性动词的情况: 1.for+一段时间 2.since+过去时间（态） 3.How long的疑问句 ;for 和since的运用对比:;3. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, still, lately等: He has already finished his homework. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ？;4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, 　　 Have you ever been to Beijing？ I have never heard of Bunny. I have used this pen only three times. ;5. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, just, today, this morning/week/month/year, in the past\last few(3)years, up to now, so far, for a long time (for long), till\until now等: 1.Peter has written six papers so far. 2.Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. 3.There has been too much rain in Beijing this year. 4.Up to now everything has been successful. 5.Shijiazhuang has changed a lot in the past\last 3 years.;6. 现在完成时表示现在之前已完成的动作,虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上for+一段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性. Tom has studied English. (现在不再学英语了) Tom has studied English for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and he is still studying it now.;7. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作. We have had four texts this semester. ;1.都表示过去发生的事 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用； 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的