Diversity of the Monstrilloida (Crustacea Copepoda) 英文参考文献.docVIP

Review DiversityoftheMonstrilloida(Crustacea:Copepoda) EduardoSua′rez-Morales* ElColegiodelaFronteraSurUnidadChetumal,Chetumal,QuintanaRoo,Mexico copepod waspublished by Kr?yer in 1842 [7], who illustrated a singlespecimenfromaNorwegianfjord.HenameditThaumatoessa typica Kr?yer, but with no descriptive text accompanying the figure.Adescriptionwasprovidedbyhimlaterbutwithachange ofnametoThaumaleustypicusKr?yer,1849andadiagnosisofthis Abstract Monstrilloidcopepodsareproteleanparasitesofdifferent groups of marine benthic invertebrates. Only their first naupliar, preadult, and adult phases are planktonic. Monstrilloids are currently represented by more than new nominal genus [8]. The original specimen was re-examined 115 nominal species contained in four genera. Its by Grygier in 1994 [9], who determined that this first described taxonomicknowledgehasbeenhamperedbynomencla- monstrilloid is in fact a preadult (i.e. last stage copepodite larva) turalanddescriptiveproblemsderivedfromtheirpeculiar specimenthatprobablybelongstoaspeciesofthegenusMonstrilla. Thaumaleus is thus now a junior subjective synonym of Monstrilla, but Monstrilla in turn became a subjective junior synonym of ontogeny and poor definitions of taxa. One of the most importantdifficultiesisthatofmatchingmalestofemales. Theonlyreliablemethodstolinkthesexesofaspeciesare Thaumatoessa [6], [9]. To conserve Monstrilla, Thaumatoessa was suppressed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Both generic names proposed by Kr?yer include the Greek root thaumato, meaning wondrous thing, miracle. Monstrilloids no doubt attracted the attention of anatomists and zoologists because of their striking and unusual features: adults have no antennae or mouthparts and their antennules are distinctly straight (except for the distal segment of males) and anteriorlydirected(Figures1,2).Thelackofmouthpartswasalso explicitly noted by Dana in 1849 [10], who referred to this character as ‘‘…maxillis pedibusve