DNA-Sequence Variation Among Schistosoma mekongi Populations and Related Taxa; Phylogeography and the Current Distribution of Asian Schistosomiasis 英文参考文献.docVIP

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DNA-Sequence Variation Among Schistosoma mekongi Populations and Related Taxa; Phylogeography and the Current Distribution of Asian Schistosomiasis 英文参考文献.doc

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DNA-Sequence Variation Among Schistosoma mekongi Populations and Related Taxa; Phylogeography and the Current Distribution of Asian Schistosomiasis 英文参考文献

DNA-SequenceVariationAmongSchistosomamekongi PopulationsandRelatedTaxa;Phylogeographyandthe CurrentDistributionofAsianSchistosomiasis StephenW.Attwood1,2*,FarrahA.Fatih2,E.SuchartUpatham3,4 1StateKeyLaboratoryofBiotherapy,WestChinaHospital,WestChinaMedicalSchool,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu,People’sRepublicofChina,2DepartmentofZoology, TheNatural HistoryMuseum,London,UnitedKingdom, 3DepartmentofBiology,FacultyofScience,MahidolUniversity,Bangkok,Thailand, 4Department ofMedical Science,FacultyofScience,BuraphaUniversity,Bangsaen,Chonburi,Thailand Abstract Background:SchistosomiasisinhumansalongthelowerMekongRiverhasprovenapersistentpublichealthprobleminthe region. The causative agent is the parasite Schistosoma mekongi (Trematoda: Digenea). A new transmission focus is reported,aswellasthefirststudyofgeneticvariationamongS.mekongipopulations.Theaimistoconfirmtheidentityof the species involved at each known focus of Mekong schistosomiasis transmission, to examine historical relationships amongthepopulationsandrelatedtaxa,andtoprovidedataforuse(apriori)infurtherstudiesoftheorigins,radiation,and futuredispersalcapabilitiesofS.mekongi. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:DNAsequencedataarepresentedforfourpopulationsofS.mekongifromCambodiaand southernLaos,threeofwhichweredistinguishableattheCOI(cox1)and12S(rrnS)mitochondriallocisampled.Aphylogeny wasestimatedforthesepopulationsandtheothermembersoftheSchistosomasinensiumgroup.Thestudyprovidesnew DNAsequencedataforthreenewpopulationsandonenewlocus/populationcombination.ABayesianapproachisusedto estimatedivergencedatesforeventswithintheS.sinensiumgroupandamongtheS.mekongipopulations. Conclusions/Significance: The date estimates are consistent with phylogeographical hypotheses describing a Pliocene radiationoftheS.sinensiumgroupandamid-PleistoceneinvasionofSoutheastAsiabyS.mekongi.Thedateestimatesalso provide Bayesian priors for future work on the evolution of S. mekongi. The public health implications of S. mekongi transmissio