Drinking and Flying Does Alcohol Consumption Affect the Flight and Echolocation Performance of Phyllostomid Bats 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Drinking and Flying Does Alcohol Consumption Affect the Flight and Echolocation Performance of Phyllostomid Bats 英文参考文献.doc

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Drinking and Flying Does Alcohol Consumption Affect the Flight and Echolocation Performance of Phyllostomid Bats 英文参考文献

DrinkingandFlying:DoesAlcoholConsumptionAffect theFlightandEcholocationPerformanceofPhyllostomid Bats? DaraN.Orbach1,NinaVeselka1,YvonneDzal2,LouisLazure1,M.BrockFenton1* 1DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofWesternOntario,London,Ontario,Canada,2DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofRegina,Regina,Saskatchewan,Canada Abstract Background:Inthewild,frugivorousandnectarivorousbatsofteneatfermentingfruitsandnectar,andthusmayconsume levelsofethanolthatcouldinduceinebriation.Tounderstandifconsumptionofethanolbybatsalterstheiraccesstofood andgeneralsurvivalrequiresexaminationofbehaviouralresponsestoitsingestion,aswellasassessmentofinterspecific variationinthoseresponses.Wepredictedthatbatsfedethanolwouldshowimpairedflightandecholocationbehaviour comparedtobatsfedcontrolsugarwater,andthattherewouldbebehaviouraldifferencesamongspecies. Methodology/Principal Findings: We fed wild caught Artibeus jamaicensis, A. lituratus, A. phaeotis, Carollia sowelli, Glossophagasoricina,andSturniralilium(Chiroptera,Phyllostomidae)sugarwater(44goftablesugarin500mlofwater)or sugarwaterwithethanolbeforechallengingthemtoflythroughanobstaclecoursewhilewesimultaneouslyrecordedtheir echolocationcalls.Weusedbatsaliva,anon-invasiveproxy,tomeasurebloodethanolconcentrationsrangingfrom0to .0.3%immediatelybeforeflighttrials.Flightperformanceandecholocationbehaviourwerenotsignificantlyaffectedby consumptionofethanol,butspeciesdifferedintheirbloodalcoholconcentrationsafterconsumingit. Conclusions/Significance:Thebatswestudieddisplayatoleranceforethanolthatcouldhaveramificationsfortheadaptive radiation offrugivorous andnectarivorous bats by allowingthemto useephemeral food resources overawide span of time.Bysamplingacrossphyllostomidgenera,weshowthatpatternsofapparentethanoltoleranceinNewWorldbatsare broad,andthusmayhavebeenanimportantearlystepintheevolutionoffrugivoryandnectarivoryintheseanimals. Citation: Orbach DN, Veselka N, Dzal Y, Lazure L, Fenton MB (2010) Drinking and Flying: Does Alcohol Consumption Affect