Frequency-Invariant Representation of Interaural Time Differences in Mammals 英文参考文献.docVIP

Frequency-InvariantRepresentationofInterauralTime DifferencesinMammals HannesLu¨ling1,2,IdaSiveke1,BenediktGrothe1,2,ChristianLeibold1,2 * 1Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians Universita¨t Mu¨nchen, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany, 2Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Munich, Planegg-Martinsried,Germany Abstract Interauraltimedifferences(ITDs)arethemajorcueforlocalizinglow-frequencysounds.Theactivityofneuronalpopulations inthebrainstemencodesITDswithanexquisitetemporalacuityofabout10ms.Theresponseofsingleneurons,however, alsochangeswithotherstimuluspropertieslikethespectralcompositionofsound.Theinfluenceofstimulusfrequencyis very different across neurons and thus it is unclear how ITDs are encoded independently of stimulus frequency by populationsofneurons.Herewefittedastatisticalmodeltosingle-cellrateresponsesofthedorsalnucleusofthelateral lemniscus. The model was used to evaluate the impact of single-cell response characteristics on the frequency-invariant mutual information between rate response and ITD. We found a rough correspondence between the measured cell characteristicsandthosepredictedbycomputingmutualinformation.Furthermore,westudiedtworeadoutmechanisms,a linear classifier and a two-channel rate difference decoder. The latter turned out to be better suited to decode the populationpatternsobtainedfromthefittedmodel. Citation:Lu¨lingH,SivekeI,GrotheB,LeiboldC(2011)Frequency-InvariantRepresentationofInterauralTimeDifferencesinMammals.PLoSComputBiol7(3): e1002013.doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002013 Editor:KarlJ.Friston,UniversityCollegeLondon,UnitedKingdom ReceivedOctober14,2010;AcceptedJanuary17,2011;PublishedMarch17,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Lu¨ling et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding: This work was supported by the Bundessministerium fu¨r Bildun