Gene Structure Induced Epigenetic Modifications of pericarp color1 Alleles of Maize Result in Tissue-Specific Mosaicism 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Gene Structure Induced Epigenetic Modifications of pericarp color1 Alleles of Maize Result in Tissue-Specific Mosaicism 英文参考文献.doc

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Gene Structure Induced Epigenetic Modifications of pericarp color1 Alleles of Maize Result in Tissue-Specific Mosaicism 英文参考文献

GeneStructureInducedEpigeneticModificationsof pericarpcolor1AllelesofMaizeResultinTissue-Specific Mosaicism MichaelL.Robbins,PoHaoWang,RajandeepS.Sekhon¤,SurinderChopra* DepartmentofCropandSoilSciences,PennsylvaniaStateUniversity,UniversityPark,Pennsylvania,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Background:Thepericarpcolor1(p1)geneencodesforamyb-homologousproteinthatregulatesthebiosynthesisofbrick- redflavonoidpigmentscalledphlobahpenes.Thepatternofpigmentationonthepericarpandcobglumesdependsupon theallelicconstitutionatthep1locus.p1alleleshaveuniquegenestructureandcopynumberwhichhavebeenproposed toinfluencetheepigeneticregulationoftissue-specificgeneexpression.Forexample,thepresenceoftandem-repeatshas been correlated with the suppression of pericarp pigmentation though a mechanism associated with increased DNA methylation. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Herein,weextensivelycharacterizeap1allelecalledP1-mosaic(P1-mm)thathasmosaic pericarpandlightpinkorcolorlesscobglumespigmentation.RelativetotheP1-wr(whitepericarpandredcobglumes),we showthatthetandemrepeatsofP1-mmhaveamodifiedgenestructurecontainingareducednumberofrepeats.TheP1- mmhasreducedDNAmethylationatadistalenhancerandelevatedDNAmethylationdownstreamofthetranscriptionstart site. Conclusions/Significance: Mosaic gene expression occurs in many eukaryotes. Herein we use maize p1 gene as model system to provide further insight about the mechanisms that govern expression mosaicism. We suggest that the gene structure of P1-mm is modified in some of its tandem gene repeats. It is known that repeated genes are susceptible to chromatin-mediatedregulationofgeneexpression.WediscusshowthemodificationtothetandemrepeatsofP1-mmmay havedisruptedtheepigeneticmechanismsthatstablyconfertissue-specificexpression. Citation:RobbinsML,WangP,SekhonRS,ChopraS(2009)GeneStructureInducedEpigeneticModificationsofpericarpcolor1AllelesofMaizeResultinTissue- SpecificMosaicism.PLoSONE4(12):e8231.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008231 Editor:XiaoyuZhang,Un