Mapping the Global Distribution of Trachoma Why an Updated Atlas Is Needed 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Mapping the Global Distribution of Trachoma Why an Updated Atlas Is Needed 英文参考文献.doc

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Mapping the Global Distribution of Trachoma Why an Updated Atlas Is Needed 英文参考文献

Viewpoints MappingtheGlobalDistributionofTrachoma:Whyan UpdatedAtlasIsNeeded JenniferL.Smith1*,DannyHaddad2,SarahPolack1,EmmaM.Harding-Esch1,PamelaJ.Hooper2,DavidC. Mabey1,AnthonyW.Solomon1,SimonBrooker1,3 1LondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicine,London,UnitedKingdom,2InternationalTrachomaInitiative,TaskForceforGlobalHealth,Atlanta,Georgia,United StatesofAmerica,3KenyaMedicalResearchInstitute—WellcomeTrustResearchProgramme,Nairobi,Kenya Trachomaistheleadinginfectiouscause ofblindnessworldwide,andresponsiblefor the loss of an estimated 1.3 million disability-adjusted life years, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa [1]. Geographically, trachomaisagreaterpublichealthriskin dry, dusty, and hot settings, where poor, ruralcommunitiessufferadisproportionate burdenofdisease.Trachomaiscausedby infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis,buttheconditionhasanumber of clinical manifestations that are the consequences of current or past infection [2]. Prevalence of infection and clinical signsoffollicularconjunctivitisarehighest in children under 10y of age. Recurrent episodesofinfectionandassociatedinflam- mation can cause scarring, visual impair- ment,andpotentialblindnesslaterinlife. In1998,theWorldHealthOrganization (WHO)establishedaninternationalalliance eliminate trachoma as a public health problem by 2020, called the Alliance for Global Elimination of Trachoma by the choma in the initial planning of national control programmes. However, there are importantreasonswhyweneedtocontinue toupdateourgeographicalunderstanding oftrachomaastheprogramisimplement- ed,andwhymapsshouldbemadepublicly available.First,andtheimportanceofthis reasonshouldnotbeunderestimated,maps playavitaladvocacyrole,showcasingthe achievementsofcontroleffortstodateand showing where further control resources are still required. This advocacy will help leveragecontinualfunding. for the first time and provided valuable information for planning control [6]. Up- dated maps can help identify where ep