助动词的用法精选.pptx

助动词的用法;;★ He was sent to England. ★I would fly to Sweden if I were a bird. ★Had I lived in London, I would have been to London Bridge. ;★Do you like college life? ★ Did you study English before you came here? ★ I do not like him. ★ Do call me tomorrow. ★He did know that. ;总结：助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词. 助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种 1. 助动词be的用法 1） be +现在分词，构成进行时态 They are having a meeting.　他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 ;2）be + 过去分词，构成被动语态。 The window was broken by Tom..　窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world.　世界各地都教英语。 3） be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容： a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。 He is to go to New York next week..　他下周要去纽约。 We are to teach the freshmen.　我们要教新生。;b. 表示命令 You are to explain this.　对此你要做出解 He is to come to the office this afternoon.　要 他今天下午来办公室。 c.　征求意见 How am I to answer him?　我该怎样答复他？ Who is to go there?　谁该去那儿呢？ ;d. 表示相约、商定 We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.　 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。 2. 助动词have的用法 1）have +过去分词，构成完成时态。 He has left for London.　他已去了伦敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.　 上月未为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。 ;2）have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时 I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。 3）have +been +过去分词，构成完成式被动 语态。 English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。 ;3.助动词do 的用法 1）构成一般疑问句。 Do you want to pass the CET?　 你想通过大学英语测试吗？ Did you study German?　你们学过德语吗？ 2）do + not 构成否定句。 I do not want to be criticized.　 我不想挨批评 He doesnt like to study.　 他不想学习。 In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. ;3） 构成否定祈使句。 Dont be so absent-minded.不要这么心不在焉 说明： 构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。 4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。 Do come to my birthday party.　 一定来参加我的生日宴会。 I did go there.　我确实去那儿了。 ;5）用于倒装句。 Never did I hear of such a thing.　 我从未听说过这样的事情。 Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 进了大学以后，我们才认识到英语的重要性 说明： 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so,not only...but also ;4. 助动词shall和will的用法 shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。 I shall st